Negotiation and decision making

Negotiation and decision making

1. Brainstorming

   • It is a technique used in teamwork to generate new ideas or solve a certain problem
     • The main features are a moderator, defined time frame, limit of participants and a centralized goal.
       • Types: Direct, Reverse, Single, Star and Figure Storming
         • The following techniques will make it possible to develop a brainstorming session more successfully. Definition ideation Analysis
           • Disadvantages: Parasitism, Feeling of rejection, Fear of being criticized and Poor performance in social contexts

2. Kaoru Ishikawa

   • It is a visual tool that is used to logically organize the possible causes of a specific problem or effect, showing them graphically in an increasingly detailed way, and suggesting causal relationships between the different hypotheses.
     • can be used to promote process improvement, solve problems, find the root causes
       • Also called Ishikawa diagram, fishbone diagram or 6M diagram.
       • The compact 4M method includes the following causal groups: Plant and equipment Workforce Management Raw material

3. Pareto chart

   • Is a graph that organizes values, which are separated by bars and organized from highest to lowest, from left to right respectively.
     • It represents the 80/20 rule, that is, in most situations, 80% of the consequences are due to 20% of the actions or 80% of the defects of a product are due to 20% of the actions.
       • It is made up of a structure divided into three parts: the left "Y" axis, the right "Y" axis and the lower part of the "X" axis.
       • It allows you to make objective decisions that are based on data and not on personal opinions.
         • Ideal for knowing problems,Visual support,General improvement and Easier to take action.

4. Decision Tree

   • Is a map of the possible outcomes of a series of related decisions.
     • It allows an individual or an organization to compare possible actions against each other based on their costs, probabilities, and benefits.
       • It usually starts with a single node and then branches out into possible outcomes. Each of those results creates additional nodes
         • You can use a decision tree diagram to make decisions in many areas, including operations, budget planning and project management.
           • Whenever possible, include quantitative data and numbers in order to create an effective tree.The more data you have, the easier it is to calculate expected values
             • You can better understand the risks and consequences of your decisions.

5. Systemic approach the decision making

   • Emerges as a holistic alternative to study complex problems with a multidisciplinary, multi-perspectivist approach and focused on the viability of the whole system rather than on the isolated functioning of its parts
     • Makes it possible to prepare logical and effective measures, so that the decision making process can be clearly explained to anyone.
       • Also considers, the inherent learning derived from the decision model which, in turn, takes into account the desires, levels of aspiration and priorities of the subject of the intervention
       • A decision can be made immediately, but it involves a process of identification, analysis, evaluation, choice and planning.
         • The techniques used are: circular questions, Restructuring and positive connotation and Tasks or guidelines
           • The principal characteristics are: interdisciplinary, Qualitative and quantitative at the same time,Creative Theoretical and Organized Empirical