Organizing, Visualizing and Describing Data

Organizing, Visualizing and Describing Data

1. Classify Data

   • Statistical perspective
     • Numerical Data (Quantitative Data)
       • Def: Represent measured or counted quantities as a number
         • Continuous Data (Any numerical data)
         • Discrete Data (Finte Number)
     • Catergorical Data (Quanlitative Data)
       • Def: Describe a quality or characteristic
         • Nominal Data: Not amenable to being organized in a logical order
         • Ordinal Data: Can be logically ordered or ranked
   • How they're collected
     • Time series Data: collected over time
     • Cross-sectional Data: Collected at a point in time
     • Panel Data: a mix of Time and Cross

2. Central Tendency

   • Mean
     • Arithmetic Mean: Average
     • Weighted Mean: arises repeatedly in portfolio analysis
     • Geometric Mean: Used to average rates of change over time or to compute the growth rate of a variable
     • Harmonic Mean: may be viewed as a special type of weighted mean
   • Mode: Most frequently occuring
   • Median: Middle item
   • Quantile: divide the distribution into
     • Quartiles: into quarters
     • Quintiles into fifths
     • deciles into tenths
     • Percentiles into hundredths

3. Dispersion

   • Mean Absolute Deviation
   • Variance
     • Sample Variance
     • Variance
   • Standard Sample Deviation: the square root of the variance
   • Sample Target Downside/ Semi Deviation
   • Coefficient of Variation: permits direct comparisons of dispersion across different datasets

4. Shape Of The DIstributions

   • Normal DIstribution
     • Mean, Median and Mode are equal
   • Skewed DIstribution
     • Positively Skewed
     • Negatively Skill
   • Kurtosis
     • Mesokurtic
     • Flatykurtic
     • Leptokurtic

5. Correlation between two variables

   • Covariance

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