Psychology -memory

Psychology -memory

1. MEMORY

   • Types of Memory
     • Explicit
       • requires concsious recollection
       • recall- the ability to retrieve info encountered earlier
       • recognition- the ability to identify previously encountered info
     • Implicit
       • does not require conscious recollection
       • previously encountered material that affects us without our awareness
       • measured by:
         • priming (initial learning)
         • relearning (savings)
     • Sensory Memory
       • momentarily saves extremely accurate images of sensory info
       • pattern recognition
     • Short Term
       • limited capacity
       • retains info for brief periods
       • Holds 7 plus or minus 2 bits of info up to about 30 seconds
     • Long Term
       • Consolidation
       • Info is organised
         • Sound
         • semantic categories
         • familiarity, relevance or association with other info
       • procedural memories
         • how to
       • Declarative memories
         • rules
         • facts
         • "what"
         • "knowing that"
         • Semantic
           • general knowledge (rules, concepts)
         • Episodic memories
           • what's happened
           • personally experienced
           • autobiographical
   • How we remember
     • Rehearsal
       • maintenance rehearsal
         • rote repeition of info
     • Elaborative rehearsal
       • Association of Info with previously learned info
     • Mnemonics
       • strategies for encoding, storing and retaining info
     • Deep processing
       • processing of meaning, as opposed to surface, shallow features of info
   • How we forget
     • Decay
       • use it or lose it
     • Replacement
       • new info wipes out old
     • interference
       • retroactive & proactive