Programing

Programing

1. High level/low level programing

   • High level has to be translated
     • uses language that is easier to understand by humans
     • Has to be translated
     • eg Python BASIC Javascript
   • Low level is understood by the processor
     • Assembly language
       • code to a type of processor
       • eg INP, LDA, OUT
       • Written as each instruction would be processed
     • Machine code
       • binary code for each instruction and register location

2. control flow

   • iteration
     • loops
       • WHILE or FOR
   • sequencing
     • The order through an algorithm
   • selection
     • IF THEN ELSE

3. Algorithms

   • Solving problems 1 step at a time
   • Mainly expressed as a flow chart
     • Make sure you know the symbols
   • Processors can only process 1 instuction at a time

4. Pseudocode

   • Key words written in capital letters (eg INPUT,IF,WHILE)
   • Should allow a programmer to write it in any language
   • Used for planning algorithms

5. Translation

   • Assembler
     • Turns assembly language into machine code
     • Only can be used in low level programming
   • compiler
     • Creates an executable file to run the program
     • Once it is compiled it doesnt need the original source code
     • Would be used for proprietary software
   • Interpreter
     • Executes the source code directly
     • Used when creating a program
     • Would be used on open source software

6. Testing

   • Syntax
     • Not a correct command for the coding language being used
   • Run-Time error
     • An error in the program eg stuck in a loop
   • Logical error
     • Human error with construction of the algorithm

7. Data types

   • integers and real numbers
     • Integer is a whole number
     • Real(sometimes called float) can have decimal places
   • Variable or constant
     • Constant stays the same eg pi
     • Variable changes during the program eg score in a game
   • Arrays of the list of same data types
   • Operations are mathematical symbols eg<>+-