Programming languages

Programming languages

1. High level code

   • IDE
     • Integrated Development Environment
   • Editor
     • allows source code to be edited and entered
   • Debugger
     • used to identify errors in the source code and easily allow the to see where and why they have occurred
   • made up of instructions written in high-level languages such as Java, C++, etc..
     • designed to be understood by humans
   • portable code
     • can be run on a number of different CPU's
       • because the software is portable
   • has syntax rules
   • instructions use words

2. Machine code

   • OPcode
     • A single instruction that can be executed by the CPU
     • bit patterns
   • Operand
     • value or the memory address/register of where the value is stored
     • bit patterns
   • Designed to be understood by the computer system
   • All other programming languages must be translated into machine code before they can be executed
   • instructions are in binary
   • not portable
     • because it is specific for each machine

3. Translator

   • converts high level code into a set of machine codes

4. Compiler

   • translates all of the source code into machine code at once
   • Machine code is stored as an executable file(.exe) which can be run by the CPU as a stand-alone program
   • used once the source code has been fully developed and tested

5. Interpreter

   • source code can only be run within the interpreter software
   • translates the source code into machine code , one line at a time
   • used during the development stages
     • allows the programmer to quickly test the source code step by step

6. Assembly code

   • Assembler
     • Translates the assembly instructions back into machine code
   • Instructions are written in mnemonics
     • mnemonics use abbreviations of command words to for instructions
   • not portable
     • because it is specific for each machine