Migration

Migration

1. International migration

   • Poland to UK
     • Impact on Polish population structure
       • fewer young adults
       • fewer children
       • reduced birth rate
       • structure is now dominated by elderly dependants
     • Impact on Poland's resources
       • Brain drain
         • skilled workers more away so there are fewer skilled people now working in Poland
       • more jobs avaliable
       • less pressure on healthcare and schools
       • remittance
         • money sent back home to Poland
       • less taxes are being paid and so the Polish government get less money
     • Impact on UK population structure
       • more young couples
         • increased birth rate
       • more economically active
         • more people paying taxes
           • more money is spent on improving schools and hospitals
     • Impact on Uk's resources
       • Polish people doing jobs that the people in the UK do not want to do
         • picking vegetables
       • New shops opening in Peterborough
         • introduces new food and culture
       • more pressure on schools and healthcare
         • local GP- 1,000 new patients in 6 months
           • need translators
             • expensive
       • polish people contribute £300 million to the UK economy by paying taxes
       • Polish people send money back home and taken out of the UK - economic leakage
       • increased house prices as there is a higher demand
       • Increases pressure on the environment such as pollution and environmental degradation
     • in Peterborough, 15,000 people have come from Poland since 2004
       • 1 in 10 people are polish

2. National migration

   • rural China to urban China
     • In the South West of China there are mountains and you are unable to grow crops
     • You can earn about 3 times as much in the urban areas
     • Impacts on the rural area
       • 61 million children are left behind from their parents
       • 160 million have moved to urban areas
     • impacts on the urban areas
       • rural areas contribute 20% of the urban area's economy
       • becomes crowded
       • new houses can be built
       • more pollution
     • population growth: rural- 0.3% urban-4.7%
   • The country's population structure reamians unchanged as its happening within the same country
   • Rural
     • high young dependants
     • high elderly dependants
   • urban
     • high economically active