Physics 2010: Concept Map 1

Physics 2010: Concept Map 1

1. Chapter 1

   • Introduction to physics
     • Concepts
       • Problem Solving
         • KUDOS Method
           • K = Known
           • U = Unknown
           • D = Definition
           • O = Output
           • S = Substantiation
       • Scientific Notation and SigFigs
         • Way to abbreviate numbers
       • Vectors
         • Direction
         • components
         • can determine length by addition
         • magnitude and direction
       • dimensions/units
         • check for units
         • dimensional analysis
       • scalars
         • time and mass
           • magnitude
       • units of measure
         • distance, time and mass
           • m,s,kg
         • conversion factors
       • trigonometry
         • used for angles and magnitude and direction
       • significant figures
         • accuracy
         • always match sig figs from beginning to end no matter what
     • Applied concepts
       • trigometry
         • sin(A)=y/r
         • cos(A)=x/r
         • tan(A)=y/x
       • vectors
         • magnitude and direction
           • tan(A)-Ay/Ax
           • A=sqrt(ax^2+ay^2)
       • Scientific notation
         • Example: 1.3*10^-11
       • conversion factors
         • feet to inches
           • 1foot*12inches/1ft=12 inches
       • Sig figs
         • 90 feet + 1.021 feet= 91 feet

2. Chapter 2

   • Motion, Forces and Newton
     • Concepts
       • Displacement: Change in objects position
       • Velocity: how fast and in what direction
         • Average Velocity
           • Slope
         • Instantaneous Velocity
           • slope of tangent line
         • Average Speed
           • distance traveled/time of trip
       • Newtons Laws
         • I. If the total force acting on an object is zero, the object will maintain its velocity forever
         • III. The total force on an object is the sum of all the individual forces acting on it
         • III. When one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force of the same magnitude and opposite direction on the first object
           • action and reaction principle
       • One-Direction Motion
         • postion
           • total distance traveled
           • Displacement
         • acceleration
           • the change in velocity divided by the change in time
         • Velocity
           • speed
             • scalar
           • contains magnitude and direction
           • displacement
             • the difference in final position and initial position
           • average velocity
             • The displacements divided by change in time
           • Velocity is a vector
       • Mechanics
         • what causes motion?
         • how will the system move?
       • Interia and mass
         • Inertia is a measure of an object ’ s resistance to changes in its motion and the resistance to change depends on the object ’ s mass
     • Applied concepts
       • Average Velocity
         • (X2-X1)/(T2-T1)
       • Newton Laws
         • F=ma
         • F(total)=sigmaF
       • acceleration
         • average; acceleration= change in velocity)*(change in time)
       • Displacement
         • Final-initial

3. Chapter 3

   • Forces and Motions in one direction
     • Applied Concepts Mathematically
       • Inertial mass
         • Quantity of mass that is entered into F=ma
           • V=Vi+at
       • Weight=Mg
       • N=Mg
       • Apparent weight
         • Normal Force; what something weighs
       • Gravitational Mass
         • Mass that is in the gravitional force
       • Kinematic Equasions
         • V^2=Vi^2+2a(X-Xi)
         • X=Xi+Vit+1/2ar^2
       • Tension
         • T=mg
       • Free Fall
         • Only the force of gravity acts on the object=9.8
       • Friction
         • F friction = μ k N
           • μ k is called the coefficient of kinetic friction
             • A pure number with no units
           • Static Friction
             • |F friction | ≤ μ s N
               • s is called the coefficient of static friction
     • Concepts
       • Part II
         • Free Fall
           • Sole influence is gravity
           • object which once projected or droppedcontinues in motion by its own inertia
         • Newtons Second Law applied
         • Tension
           • Ideal Cord
             • zero mass
             • Does not stretch
             • The tension is the same throughout the cord
       • Part I
         • Constant Acceleration
           • Motion along a line
             • Kinematic Equasion
             • Average The Velocity
         • Normal forces and weight
           • Normal Forces
             • A normal force acts perpendicularly to the plane of contact
               • Weight force acts downward and normal force acts upward
             • They are common in nature
               • When two surfaces come into contact
             • Apparent weight= Normal force
         • Free Body Digram
           • Digram that shows all the forces acting on an object
             • used to analyze newtons second law
         • Friction
           • Forces of friction opposes the motion
             • Static
               • If the push increases so does the friction to cancel out
               • The magnitude of the static friction has an upper limit of μ s N
           • The magnitude of the frictional forces is the same as the normal force

4. Chapter 4

   • Forces and Motion in Two and Three Dimensions
     • Statics
       • Object at rest
       • Equalibrium
       • Statics is an area of mechanics dealing with problems in which both the velocity and acceleration are zer
     • Projective motion
       • Consider objects in motion and the forces acting on them
       • We will ignore the force from air drag
       • Accelerations are a x = 0 and a y = -g
     • Newtons second law
       • two dimensions the direction can be found
         • in terms of angles
       • inclines
         • The normal force (N) acts perpendicular to the incline (plane
         • •The friction force acts up
         • gravity acts straight down
       • Pulley and cables
         • Assume a massless cable
           • therefore tension is the same
         • Assume a massless cable
         • apply newtons second law