External Factors

External Factors

1. Cultural Deprivation

   • Hubbs and Tait - parents encouraging child to use in depth language.
   • Feinstein - educated parents giving praise. Parents well educated = good attitude.
   • Bernstein - Language codes

2. Parents' Education

   • Douglas - w/c parents = less value on education

3. Income

   • Bernstein & Young - m/c parents = more educational books and toys.

4. W/C sub culture

   • Sugarman - W/C sub culture.
   • Keddie - W/c children culturally different.

5. Material Deprivation

   • Howard - poorer homes = lower energy & vitamin intake.
   • Wilkinson - w/c children = more behaviour problems.
   • Bull - 'cost of free schooling'.
   • Tanner - books, transport, computers = money.
   • Raey - w/c students = likelier to go to uni near home

6. Cultural Capitals

   • Bordieu - Cultural, economic and educational capital.
   • Sullivan - complex documentaries & fiction = better vocab.
   • Leech & Campos - m/c parents = 'selection by mortgage'