Buttom-Up

Buttom-Up

1. Advantage: Children begin learning simple things before learning the hard things first.

   • Disadvantage: Learning how to make meaning comes last.

2. Top-Up

   • Advantage: reading is a meaning driven process
     • Disadvantage: Meanings of words may be confuse children because different words may mean different things in specific cultures.
   • Halliday + Model
     • Advantage: Students learn how to understand language, understand how language is written and understand language from experiences.
       • Disadvantage:
     • Four Resource Model
       • Advantage: Reading and writing and considered as a complex process
         • Disadvantage: There is not a systematic or explicit curriculum to follow.
       • Skills Based
         • Advantage: Direct instruction of skills
           • Disadvantage:
         • Whole language
           • Advantage: Different ranges of reading levels
             • Disadvantage: Lack of attention to social and critical issues
               • Reader Response
                 • Allows for interesting discussions about text in classroom
                   • Disadvantage: Little attention on decoding skills