Episodic memory

Episodic memory

1. Tulving: past orientated system (02)

2. Tulving (72): storage and retrieval of specific event episodes

   • Eyewitness Testimony
   • can this be twisted?

3. Eyewitness testimony

   • post event effect and MISINFORMATION EFFECT
     • retroactive interference (later learning disrupts memory)
     • Loftus
       • loftus and Zanni (75)
         • the=7%
         • a=1.7%
       • Loftus and Palmer (74)
         • smashed highest estimated speed (41mph)
         • importance of verb used
       • theory (79) process of overriding leading to destruction
         • Dodson and Reisberg (91) doesn't destroy it just becomes inaccesiable
           • amended theory to MISINFORMATION ACCEPTANCE (92)
             • where witnesses accept new information and integrates it into their formed memory
   • 75% wrong can we trust it? (O+W)
   • predeominantly investigated by elizabeth loftus

4. CONFORMATION BIAS: our biases or expections influence event memory

   • Lindholm & Christianson (98) swedes vs immigrants
     • more likely to rate opposite as culprit
       • example of cross race effect
         • Meissner & Brigham (01) meta analysis
         • Berman and Davey (01): more identifiable if same race (60 vs 45)
         • eyesneck two uni teams argue other commited more fouls
         • Social Categorisation theory
           • all about in and out groups
           • Liven (00) when categorising out groups we tend to look for features specific features