development of thinking

development of thinking

1. piaget child=scientist

   • criticisms
     • multiple strategies based on acquiring rules in increasingly complex situations not holistic star bound intelligence
       • SIEGLER balance beam
     • cognitive development mind is not a single stage passing entity but series of ineteeralted cpompotents
       • CASE overlapping waves theory observed pre-operational children's trials at conservation task
         • differences explained interns of speed and capacity of Working memory 4yrs =5, 7yrs=6, 11+=7 (+-2)
           • chess child vs adult importance of domain specify experience
     • sociocultural pretend play norms inculcated social learning theory
       • VYGOTSKY CHILD=Apprentice
         • zone of proximal development
           • scaffolding
           • horizontal declage conservation number=5, conservation volume=8, boundaries blurred to less useful
         • non communicative speech P=egocentrism, V= distinction between pre and concrete stages, helps to aid cognition
           • because a tool for thought in social world, language drives thought, for P other way around
   • formal operational 11 +
     • concrete operational 7-11 can do conservation, transitive inference
       • pre-operational 2-7, 2-4 symbolic function substage 2-4, 4-7 intuitive substage beginnings of symbolic play, 9 words a day from 6
         • sensorimotor stage 0-2 reflexive stages sucking, grasping, no object perm
           • violation of expectancy task shows that sensorimotor do have object permanence, BAILLARGEON, habituation, look longer at impossible scene
           • deferred imitation=mental rep. P=(18-24 mnth), MELTZOFF, from 6 weeks, sticking tongue out, opening mouth
         • egocentricism fail three mountains test but diff experimental conditions=diff result e.g. light on with head or hands, will offer help
         • fail conservation task but horizontal declage diff types of conservation a diff stages, but are results skewed by infants expectations form the adult, naughty teddy
         • fail transitive inference A>B,B>C, A=?
         • animism P confused children with sun questions, children can make inanimate/animate distinction
         • fail hierarchical classification roses/flowers difficulty at dule encoding, seriation tasks
       • cross cultural task relevance to experience brazilian street children can't do hierarchical classification until 11 but v good unfamiliar gum context
     • capable of hierarchical classification, abstract reasoning, systematic method, third eye test
   • assimiliation
     • accommodation

2. lifespan development

   • erik eriksen

3. scheme - unit of knowledge , genetic epistemology, ontogengy recapitulates phylogeny, constructivism

   • ill defined terms