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829825
Reproduction
Descrição
Methods of cloning animals and plants
Mapa Mental por
nwainwright
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
nwainwright
mais de 11 anos atrás
17
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Resumo de Recurso
Reproduction
Cloning Techniques
Plants
Taking Cuttings
New plants can be produced quickly and cheaply
Tissue Culture
Uses small groups of cells from part of a plant
Large number of plants can be produced
Animals
Embryo Transplants
Cells are split apart from developing embryos
Embryos inserted into host mothers
All the offspring are identical BUT show variation to the parents
Adult Cell Cloning
The nucleus is removed from an unfertilised egg
The nucleus from an adult body cell is removed and inserted into the empty egg cell
An electric shock causes the egg to divide into an embryo
When the embryo is a ball of cells it is inserted into a host animal
The animal produced is identical to the animal which provided the adult cell nucleus
Sexual Reproduction
The fusion of gametes
The offspring show variation and are NOT identical to the parents
Asexual Reproduction
No fusion of gametes
Only one parent needed
The offspring are identical to the parent and are known as clones
Genetic Engineering
Genes from humans and other organisms can be cut out and transfered to cells of other organisms.
Genes are cut out using enzymes
Genes can be added to crop plants to make them resistant to disease
People are concerned about the effect of GM crops on the populations of wild flowers and insects and the effect on human health.
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