Soil

Soil

1. Type

   • Sand - 20% better establishment
     • No difference between loam and clay
     • Blake at al 2003
   • Sand - Better temperature
     • Not as wet
     • Finer seedbed possible

2. Compaction

   • Increase and establishment decreases
     • Ball & O'Sullivan 1982

3. Depth

   • OSR - significant after 4cm
     • HGCA 1998
   • Compromise of...
     • Moisture availability
       • Rate of emergence increases
         • If seed is more tightly held due to moisture
           • Hare and Parry 1996
     • Temperature
       • Development rate increases as temp increases
         • Wang et al 2009
         • Upto 35C
       • Thermal Time
     • Seed size

4. Previous crop affects establishment

   • Oats best
   • Beans worst
   • Blake et al 2003
   • Theory may differ
     • Consider soil type, date etc