Laila was losing weight

Laila was losing weight

1. Differential diagnosis of weight loss

   • diabetes
   • depression
   • dementia
   • cancer
   • eating disorder
   • malabsorption
   • Hyperthyroidism
     • Anatomy
       • of the neck
         • landmarks
           • hyoid
             • suprahyoid
               • digastirc
               • stylohyoid
               • geniohyoid
               • myelohyoid
             • infrahyoid
               • omohyoid
               • sternohyoid
               • sternothyroid
               • thyrohyoid
           • mandible
           • trachea
           • Thyroid
             • c6 to t1
             • lobes
             • isthmus
             • blood supply
               • superior and inferior thyroid arteries and veins
               • relations
             • variation
             • Histology
               • normal
                 • covered by capsule
                 • aggregation of follicles
                 • spherical in nature
                 • single layer of cuboidal cells
                 • colloid
                 • parafollicular
               • hypo
                 • lots of colloid
                 • flat of cells
               • hyper
                 • little colloid
                 • culumnar cells
           • angle
           • sternocleidomastoid
           • trapezius
             • posterior triangle
           • median line
             • anterior triangle
     • Investigations
       • blood test
         • T3
         • t4
         • TSH
         • autoantibody
         • enzymes
       • non blood test
         • radioactive iodine uptake
     • causes
       • Graves
         • autoimmune
       • Pituitary
         • overactive like in pregnancy
       • iodine
       • overmedication
       • thyroiditis
       • leads to
         • changed metabolism
         • signs and symptoms
           • lid retraction
           • exophthalmos
           • chemosis
           • bulging eyes
           • how to treat
             • Treatment
               • thyroidectomy
                 • 3 approaches
                   • conventional
                   • endoscoopic
                   • robotic
                 • why is it done
                   • thyroid cancer
                   • non cancerous
                   • overactive thyroid gland
                   • complications
                     • external
                     • recurrent
                     • sympathetic trunk
               • pharmacological
                 • • Prognosis
                     • 4-6 weeks
                     • continue for 12-18 months
                       • generally tolerable
                     • monitor for remission
     • Pathophysiology
       • dematopathy
         • clubbing
         • opthlamopathy
   • with swollen neck
     • malignancy
     • benign tumor
     • infection
     • congenital
     • salivary gland pathology
     • inflammation

2. History taking for the thyroid

   • past medical history
     • expectorants
     • amiodarone
     • thiocyanates
     • food supplements
     • treatment with radioactive iodine
     • external radiation therapy
   • stress
   • past family history
     • autoimmune
     • thyroid disease
     • emigration
       • cabbage
   • conditions
     • low t3 syndrome
       • catabolic state
     • liver cirrhosis
       • low plasma proteins TBG
     • nephrotic syndrome
       • loss of proteins
     • pregnancy
       • more TBG

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