Mind map

Laila was losing weight

dana othman English

Map content

Differential diagnosis of weight loss
- diabetes
- depression
- dementia
- cancer
- eating disorder
- malabsorption
- Hyperthyroidism
  - Anatomy
    - of the neck
      - landmarks
        hyoid
        suprahyoid
        digastirc
        stylohyoid
        geniohyoid
        myelohyoid
        infrahyoid
        omohyoid
        sternohyoid
        sternothyroid
        thyrohyoid
        mandible
        trachea
        Thyroid
        c6 to t1
        lobes
        isthmus
        blood supply
        superior and inferior thyroid arteries and veins
        relations
        variation
        Histology
        normal
        covered by capsule
        aggregation of follicles
        spherical in nature
        single layer of cuboidal cells
        colloid
        parafollicular
        hypo
        lots of colloid
        flat of cells
        hyper
        little colloid
        culumnar cells
        angle
        sternocleidomastoid
        trapezius
        posterior triangle
        median line
        anterior triangle
  - Investigations
    - blood test
      - T3
      - t4
      - TSH
      - autoantibody
      - enzymes
    - non blood test
      - radioactive iodine uptake
  - causes
    - Graves
      - autoimmune
    - Pituitary
      - overactive like in pregnancy
    - iodine
    - overmedication
    - thyroiditis
    - leads to
      - changed metabolism
      - signs and symptoms
        lid retraction
        exophthalmos
        chemosis
        bulging eyes
        how to treat
        Treatment
        thyroidectomy
        3 approaches
        conventional
        endoscoopic
        robotic
        why is it done
        thyroid cancer
        non cancerous
        overactive thyroid gland
        complications
        external
        recurrent
        sympathetic trunk
        pharmacological
        Prognosis
        4-6 weeks
        continue for 12-18 months
        generally tolerable
        monitor for remission
  - Pathophysiology
    - dematopathy
      - clubbing
      - opthlamopathy
- with swollen neck
  - malignancy
  - benign tumor
  - infection
  - congenital
  - salivary gland pathology
  - inflammation
History taking for the thyroid
- past medical history
  - expectorants
  - amiodarone
  - thiocyanates
  - food supplements
  - treatment with radioactive iodine
  - external radiation therapy
- stress
- past family history
  - autoimmune
  - thyroid disease
  - emigration
    - cabbage
- conditions
  - low t3 syndrome
    - catabolic state
  - liver cirrhosis
    - low plasma proteins TBG
  - nephrotic syndrome
    - loss of proteins
  - pregnancy
    - more TBG