Methods of translation

Methods of translation

1. word-for-word translation

   • in which the SL word order is preserved and the words translated singly by their most common meanings, out of context
   • literal translation
     • in which the SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest TL equivalents, but the lexical words are again translated singly, out of the context
     • faithful translation
       • semantic translation
         • which differs from the 'faithful translation' only in as far as it must take more account of the aesthetic value of the SL text
         • adaptation
           • free translation
             • it produces the TL text without the style, form, or content of the original
             • idiomatic translation
               • it reproduces the message of the original buttends to distort nuances of meaning by preferring colloquialisms and idioms where these do not exist in the original
               • communicative translation
                 • it attemps to render the exact contextual meaning of the original in such a way that both content and language are readily acceptable