Context & Inference

Context & Inference

1. Conversational Implicature

   • Paul Grice
     • Cooperative Principle
       • Literal Language Theory
         • Non-literal utterances
       • Tacit agreement
     • Maxims
       • Relevance
       • Assumptions
         • Can be broken
       • Quality
       • Quantity

2. Deixis

   • Spatial
     • Demostratives
     • Adverbs
   • Grammaticalization of Context
     • Semantic distinctions are obligatory
   • Extension of partial deixis
     • Discourse of textual deixis
     • Spatial terms
       • Localism
   • Person deixis
     • Grammaticalizes
       • Roles of participants
         • Pronouns
   • Social deixis
     • Information
       • Social entities
       • Participants relationship
   • Phenomenom
     • Who uttered it, when and where

3. Infromation Structure

   • Present knowledge
     • Given
   • Additional information
     • New
   • Thematic Structure

4. Knowledge as a Context

   • Speaker
     • Estimate
       • Three knowledge sources
         • Common knowledge
         • Discourse context
         • Physical context
     • Hearer's knowledge

5. Reference

   • Context
     • Speaker & Hearer
       • Shorthands
         • Rhetorical Devices
           • Metonymy
           • Synecdoche

6. Inference

   • Bridging inferences
     • Between sentences
   • Correference
     • Nominal
       • Independent
       • Anaphora
     • Anaphora pronoun

7. Focus & Topic

   • General idea
     • Topic
       • Sentence topic
   • Intonation
     • Function
       • Contrastive
       • Mark new information
         • Focus
           • Clefts
             • Pseudo-Clefts

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