ROUTING CONCEPTS

ROUTING CONCEPTS

1. Initial configuration of the router

   • Router functions
     • Characteristics of a network
       • Networks allow us to communicate, collaborate and interact like never before
     • Why is routing necessary?
       • networks would not be possible without a router that determines the best route
     • Routers are computers
       • Basically, routers are specialized computers.
     • Routers interconnect networks
       • router connects several networks, which
     • Routers choose the best routes
       • The router uses its routing table to find the best route
     • Packet forwarding mechanisms
       • Routers support three packet forwarding mechanisms
   • Connect devices
     • Connection to a network
       • , network devices and end users
     • Default gateways
       • device in a different IP network
     • Registration of network addressing
       • When new network is designed or allocations
     • Enabling IP on a host
       • addresses assigned statically are used to identify resources
     • LED devices
       • the network interfaces have one or two LED indicators
     • Access to the console
       • to perform the initial configuration of a device
     • Enabling IP on a switch
       • they do not have a dedicated
   • Basic configuration of the router
     • Configuration of basic parameters of the router
       • Support modal operating systems and command structures
     • Configuring an IPv4 router interface
       • A characteristic that distinguishes switches
     • Configuring an IPv6 router interface
       • The configuration of an IPv6 interface
     • Configuring an IPv4 loopback interface
       • The loopback interface is an internal logical
   • connectivity of directly connected networks
     • Verification of the interface configuration
       • verify the operation and configuration of an interface
     • Verificación de la configuración de interfaz IPv6
       • The routing table uses the local routes
     • Filtering the results of the show command
       • improves the user experience in the command
     • Command history feature
       • executed commands that must be recovered.

2. Routing decisions

   • Switching of packets between networks
     • Router switching function
       • One of the main functions of a router is to send packets to their destination
     • Sending a package
       • If there is no ARP entry for the default gateway
     • Forward to the next jump
       • Because the output interface is on an Ethernet network
     • Routing packages
       • when the interface is a point-to-point serial connection (P2P)
     • Reaching the destination
       • Since the output interface is a directly connected Ethernet network
   • Route determination
     • Routing decisions
       • functions of routers is to determine the best route to send packets
     • The best way
       • determination of the best route involves
     • Load balance
       • When a router has two or more routes to a destination with metrics of the same cost
     • Administrative distance
       • configure a router with several routing protocols and several

3. Router operation

   • Analysis of the routing table
     • The routing table
       • specifically, a routing table is a data file that is in RAM
     • Origins of the routing table
       • Routers provide additional route information
     • Remote network routing table entries
       • As a network administrator, it is essential to know how to interpret the content
   • Routes connected directly
     • Interfaces connected directly
       • A recently implemented router, without configured interfaces
     • Directly connected routing table
       • f the routing table for directly connected interfaces
     • Examples of directly connected interfaces
       • are generated as each interface is activated
   • Routes discovered statically
     • Static routes
       • After configuring directly connected interfaces and adding them to the routing table
     • Dynamic routing
       • dynamic routing protocols to share information about