Memory theories and LTM

Memory theories and LTM

1. Localization and Distribution of LTM

   • Cerebellum – motor functions and motor memory (procedural)
   • Cortex - thinking, problem solving, remembering
   • Hippocampus - processes new information and routes it to parts of the cortex for permanent storage

2. LTM capasity

   • Shepard (1967) Showed participants highly memorable pictures (printed advertisements)

3. LTM duration

   • Bahrick, Bahrick and Wittlinger (1975)
   • Conway, Cohen and Stanhope (1991) VLTM & Cognitive Psychology

4. Storage and structure

   • class of information
     • Spatial information Physical laws Beliefs Values and social goals Motor skills Perceptual skills

5. Theories of memory : Lvl of Processing

   • Craik & Lockhart 1972 Shallow analysis > deeper analysis
     • Shallow process little attention to meaning deeper close attention to meaning
   • Craik & Tulving (1975) Levels of processing study
   • Self Reference effect Rogers, Kuiper & Kirker (1977)
   • A Connectionist Model of MemoryRumelhart & McClelland (1985) A.k.a. Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP)
     • base on neural network
   • Schema and gist
     • active organization of past exp exmple the war of the ghost
       • Over time, details dropped out, gist remained
   • Level of Recall Zinchenko
     • goal of a person

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