1.2 Memory v2

1.2 Memory v2

1. cpu

   • central processing unit

2. ram

   • random access memory
   • sores your data and program while you work on them
   • the ram is volatile
   • extra ram can improve computer performance
   • fetches the first instructions

3. volatile

   • gets emptied when the power is turned off

4. ROM

   • read only memory
   • ROM contains BIOS instructions
   • non volatile
     • doesnt lose the data when the device is turned off
   • can only be read not written

5. firmware

   • permanent software programmed into the rom

6. bios

   • basic input and output system contains programs to load hardware

7. disk thrashing

   • when a computers viral memory sub-system is in a constant state of paging

8. hard disk

   • magnetic storage device
   • holds all files and programs
   • non volatile

9. external

   • outside

10. internal

    • inside

11. secondary storage

    • hardware which stores data other than ram or rom

12. portable

    • can take it with you

13. virtual memory

    • a simple area of secondary storage
    • temporary
    • located on the hardrive
    • usable when ram is full

14. primary memory

    • memory used to store data and instructions that are required by the cpu

15. dynamic ram

    • contains 1 transistor and capacitor
    • the transistor and capacitor can hold charge
    • refreshes every few milliseconds

16. bootstrap loader

    • a small program that loads an operating system
    • once the operating system has loaded it takes care of the rest

17. flash memory

    • electrons are forced into a layer between two barriers which holds a charge by using a high electric current

18. static ram

    • uses 5 transistors
      • they are wired together to represent each bit
    • no need to be refreshed more wires per bit