Earth´s relief

Earth´s relief

1. How does it form and originate?

   • Geological cycle
     • Which processes are involved?
       • Internal geological processes
         • Produce by
           • Internal geological agents. Build up
             • Which energy activates them?
               • Geothermal energy
             • That are
               • Volcanism
               • Plate Tectonics
       • External geological processes
         • Produce by
           • External geological agents. Wear down
             • Which energy activates them?
               • Solar Energy
               • Potential gravitational energy
             • That involves movement.
               • Erosion
                 • that removes soil, rock or dissolved material.
                   • Produce by
                     • Wind
                       • Deflation
                       • Abrasion
                     • Water
                       • Superficial
                         • Wild waters
                           • Badlands (Canyons, gully erosion)
                         • Torrents
                           • Debris flow
                         • Rivers
                           • Delta
                           • Estuary
                       • Groundwater
                         • Water-table
                         • Edaphic
                       • Glaciers
                       • Oceans and sea
                         • Involved in coastal modelling
                           • Waves
                           • Tides
                           • Currents
                     • Living organisms
                       • Destructive action
                         • Produce by
                           • Weathering processes
               • Transportation
                 • by suspension, saltation and creeping.
               • Sedimentation
                 • by gravity and/or the movement of the fluid in which the sediment is entrained.
             • That involves no movement.
               • Weathering
                 • That is
                   • Physical or mechanical
                     • Thermal stress
                     • Frost weathering
                     • Haloclasty
                   • Chemical
                     • Hydration
                     • Oxidation
                     • Dissolution
                     • Carbonation
                   • Biological
                     • Can produce physical and chemical weathering

2. Which factors determine the relief?

   • Climate (precipitation, humidity, wind, pressure, latitude, altitude, distance to ocean or sea, sun exposition,....etc)
     • Morphoclimatic zones
       • desert-like
         • Reg
         • Erg
         • Loess
       • what are the consequences?
         • Similar reliefs at different locations of the Earth´s crust
       • damp
       • glacial
         • Inlandsis
         • Mountain galciers
       • periglacial
   • Type of rock
     • That have
     • That leads to....
       • Lithological modelling
         • Different landforms
           • Clay-like
           • Karstic
           • Granite
           • Volcanic
     • Any rock can lead to any other rock
       • Magmatic
       • Metamorphic
       • Sedimentary
   • Different arrangements
     • what are the consequences?
       • Different reliefs in the same location