Piaget's Stages

Piaget's Stages

1. Sensorimotor Stage (Birth-2years old)

   • 1. Primary circular reactions
     • 1. Reflexes (Birth- 1 month)
       • The new born reflexes represent the infant's only ways of gaining knowledge about her environment
     • It involves reflexes and some sort of a response cycle
     • 2. First acquired adaptation (1 month-4 months
       • Children adapt reflexes to the environment and then coordinate to actions
   • 2. Secondary circular reaction
     • Infant initiates motor activities to fulfill his/her own needs
   • 3. Awareness of things (4-8months )
     • Responsive of people
     • They learn to repeat specific actions that caused them pleasure
   • 4. New adaptation and anticipation (8-12months)
     • They display goal-directed behavior
   • 5. Scientist stage (12-18 months )
     • Children use trial and error to see how things work
   • 6. New means through a mental combinations (18months-2years old)
     • Children think about things before doing things

2. Concrete operations (6-12years old)

   • Children give evidence that their sense of logic takes precedence over their perceptual impresions
   • Transitivity and reversibility enable us to comprehend and utilize mathematical terms.
   • Piget argues that each content area has to b constructed in its own time and way

3. Preoperational stage (2-6 years old )

   • Children don't yet understand physical operations of the world
   • Children have built up some schema of the world, but they don't understand the relationship between the different schema they have
   • Theory of mind
     • Children show egocentrism. they are not able to recognize that other people have different knowledge about the world
     • False belief test: different knowledge about a sitution

4. Formal operational stage (12-adulthood)

   • The principal characteristic is the ability to think about abstract ideas and the ideal
   • Metacognition
     • Ability to think about your thinking
     • To reflect on your beliefs

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