Global Tourism

Global Tourism

1. How does the nature of tourism vary from place to place?

   • Who are tourists?
     • tourists are people travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment
       • more than 24 hours but not more than 1 year
         • for leisure, business and other purposes
   • How do tourist destinations differ from one another?
     • Places of scenic beauty
       • Himalayas in South Asia
     • Places with good facilities
       • MICE facilities
       • Educational facilities
       • Medical and spa facilities
       • Theme parks
     • Places with rich culture
       • Heritage tourism
       • Film-induced tourism
       • Gourmet food and shopping tourism
       • Pilgrimage tourism
     • Places of conflicts
       • Dark tourism
     • Space tourism
   • What factors affect the nature of tourism?
     • Government
     • Media
     • International organisations
     • Travel writers

2. Why has tourism become a global phenomenon?

   • In what ways is tourism changing?
     • Trends in the global tourism industry
       • International tourism
         • Tourist origins and destinations
     • Domestic tourism
     • Evolution of mass tourism to niche tourism
       • mass tourism
       • package holidays
       • niche tourism
         • Ecotourism
       • in terms of distance
         • short-haul destinations
         • long-haul destinations
   • What influences tourism trends?
     • Reasons for growth of global tourism
       • Developments in technology
         • better and affordable transport
         • more air routes and agreements
         • ease of access to infomation
       • Demand factors
         • disposable income
         • leisure time
         • changing lifestyle
       • Destination factors
         • attractions
         • investment in infrastructure and services
         • access to information
   • Why is tourism subject to regional fluctuations
     • Disasters
     • Regional and global recessions
     • Unfavourable political situations
     • Outbreaks with diseases

3. Developing tourism at what cost?

   • What are the impacts of tourism?
     • Economic impacts
       • Employment opportunities
       • growth in income
       • increase in foreign exchange
       • infrastructure development
       • Seasonal unemployment
       • underuse of facilities
       • shortage of services
     • Socio-cultural impacts
       • preservation of culture and local customs
       • dilution of culture and local customs
       • increased crime
     • Environmental impacts
       • conservation of natural environments
       • increased congestion
       • vandalism
       • pollution and littering
       • destruction of habitats
       • increased carbon footprint
   • How are the impacts of tourism managed?
     • Conservation of fragile environments and sustainable tourism
     • Tensions in managing the impacts of tourism
       • tensions between tourists and locals
         • Bali, Indonesia
       • tensions between tourists and the environments
         • Machu, Peru
       • Measures for managing the tensions
     • Responsibilities of various groups
       • local communities
       • visitors
       • tour operators
       • Non- governmental organisations (NGOs)
       • planning authorities