Nutrients

Nutrients

1. Macronutrients

   • -ENERGY -have calories
   • Carbs
     • - 1 gram = 4 calories -main source of energy
     • Simple
       • -sugars -don't fill us up for as long -take less time to digst
       • Candy
       • Fruits
     • Complex
       • -starches -fill us up for longer -take longer time to digest
       • Potatos
       • Bread
   • Fats
     • -1 gram = 9 calories -main purpose is to provide energy when there are not enough carbs
     • Saturated
       • -solid at room temp.  -usually white in color -found in animal products -unhealthy
       • Butter
       • Shortening
     • Unsaturated
       • -liquid at room temp.  -found in vegetable oils -healthiest of the fats
       • Olive Oil
       • Canola Oil
     • Trans
       • -an unsaturated fat that is chemically altered to become a saturated fat -VERY unhealthy 
       • Doughnuts
       • Cookies
   • Protiens
     • -1 gram = 4 calories -main function is to build, maintain, and repair cells
     • Complete
       • -found in animal products  -has all nine essential amino acids
       • Animal Products
     • Incomplete
       • -found in fruits and vegetables -does not have all nine amino acids
       • Fruits
       • Vegetables

2. Micronutirents

   • -do not give us energy -no calories
   • Minerals
     • -organic compounds found in the Earth's crust that regulate your cells activities
     • Calcium
     • Iron
     • Sodium
   • Vitamins
     • -organic compounds necessary for normal brain function and growth
     • Water Soluble
       • -are not stored in the body and must be ingested each day -all vitamins are water soluble besides A, D, E, and K
     • Fat Soluble
       • -are stored in the body -not good for us in excess -do not need to be ingested every day -A, D, E, K
       • A
       • D
       • E
       • K
   • Water
     • -the body is 70% water -we have to drink a lot of water to keep ourselves hydrated