Public Speaking

Public Speaking

1. Types of Speech Delivery

   • Extemporaneous speeches
     • They are speeches prepared and practiced by the speaker. A speaker will use notes or an outline as a guide.
     • Impromptu speeches
       • Are speeches delivered without notes or a plan, and without any formal preparation: delivered very spontaneously. This is one of the most nervous and distressing.
       • Manuscript speeches
         • Are speeches that are delivered with a script of the exact words to be used.
         • Memorized speeches
           • Are speeches that are committed to memory. The speaker completely memorizes the text of a speech and then delivers the speech from memory without reliance on notes or an outline.

2. Writing Your Outline: The Informative Organizational Patterns.

   • There are three main components to any presentation: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. You better start writing the body first because the body will determine what goes into the introduction and the conclusion.
     • The Body
       • Is the heart of the speech – it takes the longest to get through. In an eight minute speech.
     • The Introduction
       • It is the introduction of the topic to be discussed, it must be short and striking.
     • The Conclusion
       • The conclusion is the shortest part of most informative speeches.
     • Visual Aids.
       • A visual aid is something that you use to accent your presentation.
     • Where to Research
       • It is important for you to use research from quality sources.
     • Supporting Materials
       • Evidence is made up of supporting materials, with information that supports the idea.
     • Organizing the Body
       • There are several ways to organize the main points of a presentation.
     • Transitions.
       • You should tell the audience what you are finishing talking about and what you are moving into next.
     • Oral Footnotes
       • An oral footnote is like a footnote or an in-text citation in a research paper.

3. Vocal Aspects of Speech Delivery

   • Pitch
     • Is the highness or lowness of a speaker’s voice. It is the natural upward and downward movement that happens when we speak – the melody. Pitch is a learned activity.
   • Volume
     • Is the relative loudness of your voice as you deliver a presentation.you must take into account the size of the salt in which you are talking. You must be attentive to the audience and know if they listen to you or not.
   • Enunciation
     • Is the pronunciation and articulation of words in your speech.
   • Pauses
     • Are intended silences during a speech. In conversation, we naturally pause at the end of sentences and at the end of a thought.
   • Rate
     • Is how fast or slow you speak when delivering a speech. A common problem of nervous public speakers is speaking too quickly.
   • Fluency
     • Is the flow of your words in the delivery of your speech. You should strive for a smooth delivery in your presentation.

4. Bodily Aspects of Speech Delivery

   • Facial expressions
     • Are the movements of the eyes, mouth, chin, etc. The best advice on facial expressions is to match your theme.
   • Gestures
     • Are movements of the speaker’s head, arms, and hands. The whole body must be involved when we speak about a topic in public, great public speakers use every part of their body to show an idea.
   • Eye contact
     • Is sustained, meaningful contact with the eyes of audience members. This is the top reason most people hate public speaking - the thought of people looking at you and all the eyes on you is probably the most difficult part of public speaking.
   • Movement
     • Is where the speaker’s entire body moves. If you can avoid it, don’t let yourself be trapped behind a podium or in one area.