Mapa mental

Reverse Logistics

Gustavo Herrera Inglês

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Reverse Logistics

Dimensions of the reverse logistics context
- Reverse logistics drivers
  - Economic
    - Cheap resources
    - Cheaper than building/buying new products/virgin materials
      - Precious metal recycling
  - Marketing
    - Green profile
    - Service element
      - Taking care of customers waste disposal needs
  - Legislative
    - Public Policy
  - Asset protection
    - Leaking secondary markets or competitors
- Forms of recovery/Dispositioning options
  - Reused directly
  - Remanufacturing
  - Repair
  - Recycling
  - Disposal
- Actors
- Cycle time
  - TIme period with the owner
Categories of Reverse Logistics Flows
- End of use returns
  - products disposed of long after completing use
- Commercial returns
- Warranty returns
- Production scrap and by products
- Packaging
Reverse distribution
- Commonalities
  - Collection
    - Activities rendering used products avaiable and physically moving them to some point.
    - Purchasing
    - Transportation
    - Storage
  - Inspection/Separation
    - All operations determining whether a given product is in fact reusable and in which way. Splitting the flow of used products.
    - Disassembly
    - shredding
    - testing
    - Sorting
    - Storage steps
  - Re processing
    - Transformation of a used product to a usable product again  (Recycling, repair, remanufacturing).
    - Cleaning
    - Replacement
    - Re assembly
  - Disposal
    - Products cannot be reused, rejected at the separation level +repair requirements -market potential
    - Transportation
    - Landfilling
    - Incineration steps
  - Re distribution
    - Directing reusable products to a potential market and to moving them to future users
    - Reuse
    - Sales
      - Leasing
      - Service
      - Contracts
    - Transportation
    - Storage
- Clasification of Recovery Networks
  - Structure
    - Centralisation
      - Number of locations at which similar activities are carried out.
      - Centralised
        Few locations
      - Decentralised
        Several locations
    - Number of levels
      - Number of facilities a goods flow visits squentially (vertical integration of network).
    - Links with other networks
      - Degree of integration of a new network with existing.
    - Open vs closed loop
      - Incoming and outgoing flows if a netwirk
      - Closed
        network sources and sinks coincide so that flows cycle in the network
      - Open
        One way structure enter in one point and finishes in another.
    - Degree of branch cooperation
      - Parties responsable for setting up the network (single, joint, etc.)
  - Dimensions
    - PRODUCT Characteristics
      - The form of recovery determines the facilities required and hence the related investment costs.
      - Physical
        Weight
        Volume
        Fragility
      - Economic
        Value
        Rate of obsolescence
    - MARKET Characteristics
      - Actors-relationships
        Relative power and economic incentives.
        Suppliers
        OEM´s
        Service providers
        Independent recoverers
        Consumers
        Public Authorities
    - Relevant RESOURCES
      - Recovery facilities
      - Human resources
      - Transportation resources
  - Product recovery network types
    - Bulk recycling networks
    - Assembly product remanufacturing networks
    - Reusable item networks
- Vehicle Routing Issues
  - Lower time pressure
  - Cost-revenue tradeoffs
  - Vehicle loading