Financial markets

Financial markets

1. Financial markets are a space that can be physical or virtual, through which assets are exchanged financial between economic agents and in which the prices of said assets

   • They are classified into:
     • market types
       • money market
         • It is the market that issues short-term and highly liquid financing instruments
           • The objective of investing in the money market is to preserve the invested capital and give it security by diversifying the investment in different financial assets of the money market with great liquidity and short term
             • banks
             • stock Exchange
             • investment funds
       • capital market
         • The capital market is the place where companies go to finance themselves via debt or investment instruments such as bonds, promissory notes, bills. In which investors take these instruments to achieve a return on their investments
           • variable income
             • It is the investment in assets that do not they guarantee the return of the capital invested nor the perception of a certain income
               • types of actions
                 • ordinary
                 • preferential
           • fixed rent
             • Negotiable securities with the purpose of raise funds, for that the issuer agrees to pay some interests and return the principal in a few moments prefixed
               • types of bonds
                 • with coupon
                 • with zero coupon
                 • boas
       • commodities market
         • The raw materials or commodities market is another branch of investment that allows us to invest in physical products directly such as gold, oil, gas or even wheat or sugar
       • stock market
         • It is where companies offer their shares. When an investor purchases a share of a company, what they are doing is buying a stake as a long-term investment.
           • NYSE
           • tokyo stock market
           • london stock exchange
           • NASDAQ
       • foreign exchange market
         • Here the exchange of foreign currencies takes place, for example, the euro for the American dollar. It sets the currency exchange rate and is one of the largest financial markets in the world
           • The DIAN exercises control over operations carried out with currencies whose negotiation must not necessarily be carried out through authorized intermediaries, which are understood to be free to hold, possess and negotiate within the limitations indicated by the exchange regime
             • They are the market for buying and selling pesos for dollars, or dollars for euros, among others
       • financial derivatives market
         • It is the market where derivative products are traded, that is, assets whose value depends on other assets. For example, contracts for difference or futures contracts
       • interbank market
         • Here banks lend money to each other. To do this, they establish an interest for the money borrowed.
           • In the interbank market, several trading segments can be distinguished: deposits, repos, securities and derivatives.
       • cryptocurrency market
         • It is the newest on the list. It is decentralized, as cryptocurrencies are not issued by any government or central authority. Any exchange, platforms in which to invest in cryptocurrencies, is considered a virtual currency market
           • Bitcoin
           • Ether
           • Solana
           • Binance Coin
     • Factoring
     • Leasing