7.1 Ions

7.1 Ions

1. Ions

   • Valence e-
     • Typically the only electrons used in chemical bonds.
     • Definition
       • Electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an element's atoms.
     • Relationship
       • Group of # are related to the group #s of the periodic table
     • Cause: Utilized in chemical bonds
       • Effect: As a general rule, only the valence e- are displayed in e- dot structures
         • Electron dot structures
           • Defintion
             • Diagrams showcasing valence e- as dots.

2. Octet Rule

   • Keep in mind, octet is a set of eight.
   • Who?
     • Explained by Gilbert Lewis
   • What?
     • Atoms tend to achieve the e- configuration of a noble gas
       • When?
         • Forming compounds
   • When?
     • In most compound atoms

3. Cation formation

   • Cation - positively formed ion.
   • *There are numerous significant chemical differences between metals and their cations*

4. Anion formation

   • What?
     • An atom or a group of atoms with a negative charge
   • Halide ions
     • Definiton
       • The ions which are produced
         • When?
           • Atoms of Cl and other halogens
             • What?
               • Gain electrons

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