Logistical problems under investigation

Logistical problems under investigation

1. PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS

   • What is a Preliminary Diagnosis?
     • It is an initial analysis that helps us understand a situation or problem before conducting a deeper investigation.
   • How is it done?
     • 2.Identify the problem. 3.Collect information. 4.Analyze possible causes.
   • Identifying the Problem
     • we need to observe what situation is causing difficulties.
   • Collecting Información
     • Direct observation. Interviews. Surveys. Records and documents. Photographs. Company data.
   • Analyzing Causes and Consequences
     • Causes: Lack of organization. Lack of training Consequences: Loss of time. Errors..

2. FORMULATION OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

   • HYPOTHESIS?
     • is a provisional answer to a research problem, formulated before analyzing results to guide data colection
   • RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
     • Represents what the researcher expects to find. Relates one or more variables.
       • Can indicate a relationship, difference, or effect.
   • NULL HYPOTHESIS
     • The nul hypothesis, represented as, states that there is no significant relationship, difference, or effect between the variables being studied.
   • ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS
     • The alternative hypothesis, represented as H₁ or Ha, states that there is a relationship, difference, or effect between the variables being studied.
   • STATISTICAL HYPOTHESIS
     • Statistical hypotheses express a hypothesis using symbols, numbers, and mathematical relationships.

3. Statement of the Research Problem

   • Research Justification
     • The justification explains the reasons why it is important to conduct a research project.
   • Importance of the Justification
     • A research project should have a clear reason for being conducted.
     • Research Objectives
       • indicate what the research intends to achieve.
   • Research Questions
     • What is the current situation of the parking lot? What are the main causes of the lack of parking spaces?
   • Characteristics of Research Questions
     • Research questions should be clear, specific, and possible to answer through the research.
       • Hypothesis
         • A hypothesis is a possible answer or explanation for the research problem.
       • Relationship Between the Elements
         • The elements of the research problem are related to each other and create a structure that helps organize the research.

4. Research objectives and questions

   • Criteria for Writing Research Objectives Research Objectives
     • Clarity
       • Objectives must be written in clear and understandable language.
   • Specificity
     • Objectives must explain exactly what will be studied.
   • Achievable Objectives
     • Objectives must be realistic and possible to accomplish with the available time, resources, information, and research methods.
   • Criteria for Writing Research Questions Research Questions
     • The Answers Must Not Already Be Known
       • Research questions should address something that the researcher needs to investigate or understand better.
   • Answerable with Empirical Evidence
     • Research questions must be answerable through real information collected during the investigation.
       • Substantial Knowledge
         • Research questions should produce meaningful information that contributes to understanding the research problem.

5. Justification of the research

   • justification,
     • The formal argument supporting the validity, relevance, and feasibility of a project.
       • Objective:
         • To convince the evaluation committee that the study is worth undertaking.
       • Key structure:
         • Connects the current state (problem) with the future state (solution)
       • The Great Distinction
         • "Why?"
           • Origin and Need
           • Look at the Past / Present
           • Diagnosis of the problem or gap
         • What for?
           • Usefulness of the Results
           • Projection of impact and beneficiaries
           • Look to the Future
           • CONVENIENCE AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATION
           • SOCIAL RELEVANCE
           • THEORETICAL VALUE
           • METHODOLOGICAL UTILITY
         • The research justification is the section of an academic project that demonstrates the study's necessity, relevance, and suitability.