Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle

Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle

1. muscles

   • shoulder girdle
     • Trapezius
       • Origin: spine from C1-T12 Insertion: lateral third of clavicle (UPPER), acromian and spine o scapula (MIDDLE), medial portion of spine of scapula. (LOWER)
     • Levator Scapulae
       • Origin: posterior surfaces of C1-C4 Insertion: medial border of scapula.
     • Rhomboid
       • Major
         • Origin: T2-T5 and supraspinous ligament. Insertion: medial border of the scapula.
       • Minor
         • Origin: C7 and T1 Insertion: medial border of scapula
     • Pectoralis
       • Major
         • Origin: medial half of clavicle and sternum Insertion: bicipital groove of the humerous.
       • Minor
         • Origin: external surfaces of the 3,4,5 ribs. Insertion: coracoid process of the scapula
     • Subclavicus
       • Origin: junction of the first rib. Insertion: groove of the lower part of the clavicle.
     • corcobrachiallis
       • Origin: coracoid process  Insertion:upper third of medial humerous.
     • Biceps Brachii
       • long head
         • Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula ( The HOLE) Insertion: tuberosity of radius
       • short head
         • Origin: coracoid process  Insertion: tuberosity of radius.
     • Brachialis
       • Origin: anterior lower half of humerous. Insertion: coracoid process of ulna.
   • shoulder
     • Latissimus Dorsi
       • Origin: lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, all lumbar and sacral vertebrae, supraspinal ligament, illiac crest and inferior angle of scapula. Insertion: bottom of bicipital groove.
     • Deltoid
       • Anterior
         • Origin: anterior superior surface of clavicle. Insertion: deltoid tuberoisty on humerous.
       • Posterior
         • Origin: lower border of crest of spine of scapula. Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerous.
       • intermedial
         • Origin: acromion process Insertion: deltoid tuberoisty of hmerous
     • Rotator Cuff
       • posterior
         • Supra Spinatus
           • Origin: supraspinous foss of scapula. Insertion: greater tuberosity of humerous.
         • Infraspinatus
           • Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula. Insertion greater tuberosity of humerous.
         • Teres Minor
           • Origin: dorsal surface of the scapula (outside) Insertion: greater tuberosity of humerous.
       • Anterior
         • Subscapularis
           • Origin: subscapular fossa (front of scapula. Insertion: lesser tuberosity of humerous.
     • Teres Major
       • Origin: lower part of the lateral surface of scapula. Insertion: bicipital groove.

2. bones

   • scapula
   • humerous
   • clavicle
   • sternum

3. joints

   • ACJ
     • acomio-clavicular joint
   • SCJ
     • sternoclavicular joint
   • glenohumeral
     • the actual ball and socket joint

4. actions

   • shoulder glenohumerol joint
     • flexion and extension
       • Muscles:  Flexion: deltoid (front and middle), pectorallis major, biceps brachii. Extension: deltoid (back and middle) latissimus dorsi.
     • internal and external rotation
       • Muscles:  external  rotation: supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor muscles internal rotation: subscapularis
     • abduction and adduction
       • Muscles: deltoid (front and middle), infraspinatus,supraspinatus, biceps brachii (long head)
     • circumduction
   • scapula
     • protraction and retraction.
       • protaction: seratus anterior retraction: trapezius
     • elevation and depression
       • elevation: rhomboids, trapezius and levator scapulae depression: trapezius (lower) pectoralis minor, seratus anterior (lower)
     • upward and downward rotation
       • upward: trapeizuis (upper) seratus anterior downward: rhomboids and levator scapulae.