Comparing and Contrasting First and Second Language Acquisition

Comparing and Contrasting First and Second Language Acquisition

1. Keywords:

   • Foreign language teaching
   • First language acquisition
   • Second language acquisition
   • Interlanguage theory

2. Similarities between First and Second Language Acquisition

   • the silent period
   • Formulaic speech
     • these expressions can have the form of routines
   • structural and semantic simplifications
     • grammatical functions (e.g. articles, auxiliary verbs)
     • content words (e. g. nouns, verbs)

3. Linguistic Universals and Markedness

   • typological universals
     • linguistic comparisons on a wide range of languages drawn from different language families
   • Universal Grammar

4. Differences in First and Second Language Acquisition

   • formal linguistic knowledge of the language
   • conscious learning
   • Learning Hypothesis
     • Krashen (1982)
       • adults can (1) 'acquire,' which is the way children 'get' their first language
     • The Critical Period Hypothesis
       • there is "a biologically determined period of life when language can be acquired more easily

5. Social Context

   • Natural Contexts
   • Educational Contexts

6. Implications for Language Teachers

   • teacher cannot base his/her teaching solely on any single theory or claim
   • the information can help the teacher in designing classroom activities,

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