ROOT CAUSES OF GLOBAL MIGRATION

ROOT CAUSES OF GLOBAL MIGRATION

1. ACCESS TO NATURAL RESOURCES

   • INEQUALITY
     • lAND RIGHTS
     • UNEMPLOYMENT
     • GENDER DISCRIMINATION
     • CLIMATE CHANGE
     • CORPORATE DEMANDS FOR LAND
     • EXTRACTIVE TRADE
     • CONFLICT
       • CONFLICT
         • DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY/LIVELIHOODS
         • FAMILY SEPARATION (WITHIN/ACROSS BORDERS)
         • SEXUAL & GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE
         • LANDGRABBING
         • LOST EDUCATION
         • HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS (HRL/IHL)
     • FORCED DISPLACEMENT
       • LEGAL FRAMEWORKS TO PROTECT DISPLACED PEOPLE
         • DEPENDENCE OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
     • SEXUAL & GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE

2. CLIMATE CHANGE

   • NATURAL DISASTERS/DISPLACEMENT
     • INCREASED NUMBERS OF DISPLACED PEOPLE
       • MIGRATION TO SEEK LIVELIHOOD
   • LACK OF LEGAL PROTECTION
   • NO LEGAL DEFINITION OF A CLIMATE REFUGEE
   • RESILIENCE
   • CLIMATE FINANCING

3. INTERNATIONAL POLICY RESPONSES TO MIGRATION

   • BORDER CLOSUURES
   • HIERARCHY OF REFUGEES
   • SELECTIVE INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION OF RIGHTS AND ENTITLEMENTS
   • DEPENDENCE OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO SUPPORT LONG-TERM DISPLACED
     • FUNDING LIMITATIONS TO PROVIDE LONGTERM QUALITY SUPPORT

4. DISPLACEMENT IS LONGTERM