Global Patterns of Health, Disease and Death

Global Patterns of Health, Disease and Death

1. Health

   • Physical, mental and social well-being and absence of disease
   • Health Indicators
     • Life Expectancy
       • Higher in MEDCs, Lower in LEDCs (generally)
     • Obesity
     • Smoking
     • Incidence of Diseases

2. Morbidity

   • Illness
   • Morbidity Indicators
     • Prevalence
       • The total number of cases in a population at a time
     • Incidence
       • The number of new cases of a disease over a time period
   • Types of disease
     • Communicable
       • Malaria
       • HIV/AIDS
       • Common in poorer countries
         • Malnutrition
         • Lack of clean water and sanitation
         • Overcrowded
         • Poor access to healthcare
         • Limited health education
         • Disease vectors
           • Mosquitos
     • Non-communicable
       • Cancer
       • Heart disease
       • Common in wealthier countries
         • Diseases of affluence
         • Higher proportion of elderly
           • More common in elderly
         • Unhealthy lifestyle
           • Alcohol
           • Cigarettes
           • Drugs
           • Unhealthy food

3. Mortality

   • Death
     • High morbidity causes high mortality
   • Mortality Rate
     • How many people die in a population over a period of time
     • Compare global patterns of death
     • Mortality rates for non-communicable diseases are higher in MEDCs
     • Mortality rates for communicable diseases are higher in LEDCs
   • The risk of dying from a disease is greater in poorer countries
     • Malnutrition
       • Poor ability to fight disease
     • Poor access to healthcare
       • People can't get the drugs they need

4. World Issues

   • Infectious diseases can spread around the world
     • Pandemic
     • HIV/AIDS
   • Countries need to work together
   • World Health Organisation (WHO)
     • Vaccinations
     • Screening
     • Health Education