Meaning

Meaning

1. Semantics vs Pragmatics

   • Semantics
     • Study of the "toolkit" for meaning
   • Pragmatics
     • Interaction of semantic knowledge with our knowledge of the world
   • Distinction
     • Utterances and Sentences
       • Utterance
         • The raw data of linguistics
       • Sentence
         • Abstract linguistic object
     • Three stages of interpretation
       • First stage
         • Literal meaning
           • The semantics of sentences in the abstract
       • Second stage
         • Explicature
           • A basic interpretation of an utterance
             • The Pragmatics of reference and disambiguation
       • Third stage
         • Implicature
           • The pragmatics of hints

2. Language

   • denote
     • Connection between language and world
   • expression
     • Any meaningful language unit or sequence of meaningful units
   • adressee
   • sender
     • The writer or speaker

3. Types of meaning

   • Sender's meaning
     • Meaning that the speaker or writer intends to convey
   • Utterance meaning
     • The meaning an utterance would likely be understood
   • Sentence meaning
     • Meaning that people familiar with the language
   • Ambiguous
     • A word that has two meanings
   • Aspects
     • Denotation
       • Whatever it denotes
     • Sense
       • Expression that gives denotation
     • Reference
       • Expressions to pick out their audience
     • Deixis
       • Expressions that has to be interpreted in relation to the situation

4. Semantics

   • The study of word meaning and sentence meaning
     • Entailment
       • Holds between propositions
         • Notation
           • represents entailment
     • Proposition
       • The abstract idea that remains the same in most of cases
     • Compositionality
       • Parts of sentences
         • morphemes
           • Idioms