Fundamental of statistics

Fundamental of statistics

1. Definition

   • ii) The science that deals with the collection,tabulation,analysis,interpretation,and presentation of quantitative data
   • iii) Concepts,rules and procedures that help us:
     • organize numerical information
     • understand statistical techniques underlying decisions that effect our lives
     • make informed decisions
   • i) A collection of quantitative data pertaining to a subject or group.

2. Phases of statics

   • Descriptive Statistics
   • Inferential Statistics(Inductive)

3. Types of Data

   • Attribute
     • Binary in nature
     • Qualitative data
     • Good /bad; yes/no
   • Variable
     • Measurement information
     • Quantitative data
     • Discrete VS continuous
   • Discrete
     • based on counts
     • data can't be broken down into smaller unit
     • information can be catogarized into a classification
   • Continuous
     • Information that can be measured on a scale
     • any numeric value
     • data can be measured and broken down into smaller unit

4. Collection of Data

   • Significant Figures
   • Rounding

5. Accuracy and Precision

   • High Accuracy & High Precision
   • Low Accuracy & High precision
   • High Accuracy & Low Precision

6. Describing data

   • Graphical
     • Frequency Distribution
       • Categorical frequency distribution (ex: blood group)
       • Ungrouped frequency distribution(ex: Number of miles travel)
         • Histogram (ungrouped data)
           • Range,R= X(h)-X(l)
       • Grouped frequency distribution(ex: lifetimes of boat batteries)
         • Histogram(grouped data)
   • Analytical
     • Measure of central tendency
       • Average
       • Median
       • mode
     • Measure of dispersion
       • Range
       • Standard Deviation
       • Variance

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