The Earth's surface

The Earth's surface

1. The crust

   • Made up of plates
     • Plate tectonics
     • Plate Boundaries
       • Destructive
         • Fold Mountains
           • The andes
         • Earthquakes
           • Alaska 1964
       • Constructive
         • Mid ocean ridges
           • Mid-Atlantic ridge
         • Volcanic mountains
           • Mt Vesuvious
             • Dormant but will erupt again
         • Volcanic Islands
           • Iceland
       • Passive
         • Earthquakes
           • Chile 1960
         • Fault lines
           • San Andreas fault
   • The outermost layer

2. The mantle

3. The core

4. Earthquakes

   • Seismograph
     • Seismologist
   • Richter Scale
   • Focus
   • Epicentre
   • Tremor

5. Fold mountains

   • Destructive Boundary
   • One plate subducted
     • Other goes up and forms fold mountain
     • Gets melted in magma
       • Eventually Reforms into Mid-Ocean ridge
   • The Alps
   • Periods of folding
     • Alpine(30-35 million years)
     • Amorican(250 million years)

6. Volcanoes

   • Magma rises from magma chamber through vent
     • Reaches the surface as lava
     • Build up of material from eruptions causes cone shape
     • Eruption causes Ash cloud
   • Extict
   • Active
   • Dormant

7. Mid-Ocean Ridges

   • Magma rises through cracks in crust
     • Cools and hardens into rock