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Advantages of surrogate keys:

applications cannot lose their reference to a row in the database

the primary key data can always be modified, even with databases that don't support cascading updates across related foreign keys.

Disadvantages of surrogate keys:

the values of generated surrogate keys have no relationship to the real-world meaning of the data held in a row

presence of surrogate key can result in the database administrator forgetting to establish, or accidentally removing, a secondary unique index on the natural key of the table.

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