Features produced by rejuvenation

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Knick point

When base level falls a 'kink' or step is noticeable in the long profile, this marks the previous base level. The renewed erosion start to regrade itself to reach the perfect profile.

River Terraces

Terraces are the level steps either side of the river valleys which mark the level of the old flood plain.

Rejuvenation is when a river has renewed energy to erode. It happens when the base level of a river falls renewing the river's potential energy to erode down into its new base level.

Eustatic change - base level falls

drop in temp. (ice age)

Isostatic change - land rises

movement in plate tectonics

isostatic rebound

Incised meanders

The result of established meanders cutting vertically into the landscape

Ingrown meaders

vertical erosion is slow

meander migrates within its newly developed floodplains

Entrenched meanders

rapid vertical erosion

creates a winding gorge

Differential erosion takes place as the softer rock underneath erodes faster than the hard rock

Abrasion and hydraulic action causes the steep back wall to form

This carries on undercutting the hard rock until a plunge pool is formed

Water cascades over the cap of hard rock

Undercutting collapses the hard rock as it isn't supported into the plunge pool

These rocks are then eddied which deepens and widens the pool

As the

As the cliff keeps being undercut it continues to collapse causing the waterfall to retreat leaving a gorge

Rejuvination

Waterfalls