Second Language Acquisition Theories - created from Mind Map

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Stephen Krashen

Jim Cummins

Noam Chomsky

Larry Selinker

Input Hypothesis-we all acquire language the same way

BICS=Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills

CALP=Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency

At age 4 or 5, children have basic conversational fluency

This can take ELL 5 years to learn. This academic language is found in classrooms and printed texts.

Students need to be engaged in literacy and writing practice. It is also important for students to learn grammatical rules in context.

Universal Grammar

All human grammar rests on innate building blocks of expression. These building blocks are verbs, nouns, and adjectives.

Showing students similarities between languages can help them with their SLA.

Interlanguage hypothesis-a learner's language should be viewed as creative, with unique rules to itself and not a borrowed form of the target language. This is a stepping stone to target language proficiency