Keratinisation

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Mitotic activity in basale layer. Cells in this layer contain amino acids which

combine to form polypeptide chains.

S. Spinosum.

Filligrin in the cells begins to bind to keratin microfibrils, and the

cells become more polygonal.

S.Granulosom. Cells

begin to lose nuclei and organelles, and convert amino acid into keratin.

S.Lucidium. Cells

become flatter and cell membranes thicken providing further attachment of

microfibrils of keratin.

S. Corneum. Cells

have now lost normal content and have been replaced with microfibrils of

keratin. Dead cells. Cells held together with desmosomes. Desmosomes are broken by proteases which

begins catabolism by hydrolysis. Cells

then become detached and desquamate as flattened dead squames of keratin.

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