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Ordered segmentation maintained in south end: rent prices and state-placed group for example. Ppl who face oppression in the neighborhood often recognize the risk of disobeying soft boundaries, and are therefore inclined to stay complacent in face of oppression

successful neighborhood: self-governing-- able to stay on top of inner problems, able to solve and work out inner issues, able to face up to challenge against problems they face with outside acting interests

2 facets of the city:

1. economy-- yearn for supermacy, incredible competion... people moveinto neighbrohood based on economy, most profitable use of space wins

2. cultural-- "state of mind" ; nhood created thru econ. conditions ; division of labor affects organization like never before because ppl depend on each otheer like never before, this division of labor also highly organzies the city into natural areas

nhood succession: replacement of one group by another in the nieghborhood, turnover has to do with competion, and chnages in economic and social status

ordered segmentation: you can live in a demogrpahically diverse neighbrohood and not experience heterogeneity

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small/ SB: define segregated areas, informal way of including and excluding certain groups

ordered seg. expanded: Jared Suttle, territorially marking the turf of ethnic groups perpetuates mutual exclusiveness, and maintains order by minimizing conflict between groups (SOFT BOUNDARIES)

small and social part.: involvement in formal instutiong( clubs, church, local politcis) largely determines what neighorhood schould look like, key mode of maintaing social prganzatio

Tissot/ definig public spaces: informaly way of including and excluding certain people and groups

sidewlak ballet: When a street/ sidewalk functions well, all of the people know their roles and perform and intricate dance in order to carry out their individual responsibility in harmony with the rest of the members; musical harmony

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parks, dog runs, school yards: defining public spaces is an informal way of maitning DIVERSITY SEGMENTATION

nhood narrative frames: poverty and crime rates are not resposible for social partiicpation, NNF ARE; the success story narrative retold of VV =, though not completely true, causes higher rates of scoapil particpation in those whoa re exposed to the narrative. NOT a generational story, but one of exposure. if you are exposed to the narrative, you are more likely to particpate

ideal street:

bar, bakery, lunch spot, school, narrow streets -- age and economic heterogeneity

advantage sof boston as a city: hills defensive, history, intellectual and sports culture, by water (imports and exports)

smlal communityies make sense: self-governing because people know each other (small town of 7,000, cant help but constantly run into someone you know)

south end takeaways: goring symbolically, ordered segmentation, green space thru ur

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diversity segmentation: david hyra-- areas can be demographically diverse, but sitll be racially, eocnomically, ad socially segregated

boston, unlikey for city: swampy, marshlands, small areas, narrow, twisty roads, hills

emerald necjalce: fenway thru arboretum, to franklin park zoo -- goal to be a place for people to go for leisure time; created at time when city= dangerous morally, and green space was expanded in order to allow for proper citizenry

UR fail: because they fail to understand urban neighborhoods for what they are

view of city neighborhood: cozy, self-suffiicient inward looking communities

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turnover in north end: storng tourist economy and young people have no ties, transient communtiy

heterogeneity in south end: colective celebration of heterogeineity, 3 public housing make the area racially and eocnomically diverse

social organization: ability of a nhood to recognize its goals and maintain its norms and values

social participation at time of VV: really high, but drops in 1980s.. ppl assumed that it dropped cue to increase in poverty and crimes rates, but both were absent in VV at time

chicago school approach: see city for ecological standpoint-- as a living breathing thing; if we study plants and animals, we can also study the city the same way; detached birds eye view

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caveat of ecological appraoch: views it as natural and necessary

concentric zone model:peter burgess business center, light manufacturing/ wholesale, lower class, middle, upper

inequalities in boston: no representation during planning, acces to city: lower class areas have less access to transportation systems (mattapan)

boston greater land mass: annexation, bribes surrounding areas by promisng public services they were ubabel to afford on their own

west end / urban renwal: gov't sees nhood as a slum and as high propsct for redevelopment to jumpstart static economy

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justification for UR: not just slum, but no social order because of lack of involvement in formal insitituion, but gans explaisn that social order is maintained through informal inst. like the peer group society

racial and ethnic civersity in WE: no meshing, intersacting, live as neihbors but not harmoniously

wes end and chi school: UR's driving force = capitalism; chi school= cpaitalism drives city, most porfitable use of space wins-- BUT vaptialism doesnt account for entire pcture

subrubanization focused redevelopment fails to understand that what subruban nhoods need for vitality isnt the same as urban nhood needs for vitality

pruposefully planned areas= cull, monotonous w out a sole

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goals of study: 1- explain social reproduction theory 2- ahcievement ideology 3- understand difference between both groups aspirtations and expectations

social reproduction theory: theory that people tend to replicate their parents' social status

chievement theory/ ideolgoy: belief system that explains if you work hard enough and put in enough effort, then you will achieve anthing you want; puts all resposnibiltiy on the indivudal without consideration of outer-working forces

brothers: black, new to area, shcool-oriented, no drugs and acholod, strict parenting, blieve in AI

HH: white, irish, families have been here for years, durgs and alcohol, instability, negative role models, reject AI, loose parenting

racial tensions: affirmative action-- HH say it is a barrier to success for them, B see it as source of hope

HH blame reverse racism for their failures, yet fail to see that social calss system is what is responsible

B view their position in racist times as better than parents, and have higher hopes for succews

HH family has been in area and see failures as generational and unchanging

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otucomes,explanations and deductions: B are way less succesfful than they had aspired, HH and B basically on same level despite taking 2 diff. routes

explanation: racism, classism, Social reproduction theory

deduction: structural position is far more predicatable of success than AI

habitus: pierre bordeiu, seeks to explain why people of similar backgrounds ____

social position is also dependent on social, cultural and economic captia-- theya re so deeply ingrained and very hard to change

habitus in relation to stroy: school; kids are sorted before they even et to high school, brothers' habitus already predetermined and there was little effort they could make to change this