CONDITIONALS

CONDITIONALS

• JUAN SEBASTIAN MONGUI 12
• CAMILO ANDRES SANCHEZ CUSBA 23
• 1109
• 

ZERO CONDITIONAL

• We can make a zero conditional sentence with two present simple verbs (one in the 'if clause' and one in the 'main clause'):
• If + present simple, .... present simple.
• This conditional is used when the result will always happen. So, if water reaches 100 degrees, it always boils. It's a fact. I'm talking in general, not about one particular situation. The result of the 'if clause' is always the main clause.
• The 'if' in this conditional can usually be replaced by 'when' without changing the meaning.
• For example: If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils. (It is always true, there can't be a different result sometimes). If I eat peanuts, I am sick. (This is true only for me, maybe, not for everyone, but it's still true that I'm sick every time I eat peanuts)

FIRST CONDITIONAL

• The first conditional has the present simple after 'if', then the future simple in the other clause:
• if + present simple, ... will + infinitive
• It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things, which could easily come true.
• If it rains, I won't go to the park.
• If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
• If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
• She'll be late if the train is delayed.
• She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
• If I see her, I'll tell her.

PRESENT SIMPLE

• Afirmativa
• Sujeto+ raíz + ed
• I skipped.
• Negativa
• Sujeto+ did not+ infinitivo sin to
• They didn't Go.
• Interrogativa
• Did+ sujeto+ infinitivo sin to
• Did she arrive?
• Interrogativa negativa
• Did not+ sujeto+ infinitivo sin to
• Didn't you play?

SECOND CONDITIONAL

• The second conditional uses the past simple after if, then 'would' and the infinitive:
• if + past simple, ...would + infinitive
• (We can use 'were' instead of 'was' with 'I' and 'he/she/it'. This is mostly done in formal writing).
• It has two uses.

uses

• First, we can use it to talk about things in the future that are probably not going to be true. Maybe I'm imagining some dream for example.
• If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.(I probably won't win the lottery)
• If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.
• She would travel all over the world if she were rich.
• She would pass the exam if she ever studied.(She never studies, so this won't happen)
• Second, we can use it to talk about something in the present which is impossible, because it's not true. Is that clear? Have a look at the examples:
• If I had his number, I would call him. (I don't have his number now, so it's impossible for me to call him).
• If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man.

PAST SIMPLE

• Afirmativa
• Sujeto+ raíz + ed
• Iskipped.
• Negativa
• Sujeto+ did not+ infinitivo sin to
• Theydidn'tgo.
• Interrogativa
• Did+ sujeto+ infinitivo sin to
• Did shea rrive?
• Interrogativa negativa
• Did not+ sujeto+ infinitivo sin to
• Didn't you play?

THIRD CONDITIONAL

• We make the third conditional by using the past perfect after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past participle in the second part of the sentence:
• if + past perfect, ...would + have + past participle
• It talks about the past. It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.
• If she had studied, she would have passed the exam (but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't pass)
• If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick (but I did eat a lot, and so I did feel sick).
• If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane
• She wouldn't have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier
• She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university

PAST PERFECT

• Sujeto + had + past participle
• Afirmativa
• Shehadgiven
• Negativa
• She hadn't asked.
• Interrogativa
• Had they arrived?
• Interrogativa negativa
• Hadn't you finished?

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