Carbon cycle

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Carbon is stored in rocks, plants and oceans

Carbon takes up many forms

Co2

methane, gas found in the atmosphere oceans and sedimentary rock.

calcium carbonate found in ocean and shells of ocean creatures.

hydrocarbons- found in sedimentary rock.

bio-molecule

stores = pools, stocks and reservoirs of carbon

terrestrial oceanic and atmospheric stores.

fluxes = movement and helps the cycle go round and feedbacks.

Anthropolgenic factors leads to higher fluxes.

geological carbon cycle

movement has chemical reactions that create new stores which trap carbon for periods of time.

dynamic equilibrium. equal feedbacks. natural flows

However volcanic eruptions can distrupt equllibrium restoring

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EQ1

Atmospheric c02.

Lag time. -

marine orgnaism and dissolve surface water = water cycle.

if there wasn't photosynthesis and respiration no vegetation.

deforestation

afforestation

fossil fuels

land use, change, - peat bogs. - bogs are being decomposed by hydrology (river flows) peat bogs help store carbon. Humans restore them. Mini dams hold water back, anoxic condition (no oxygen prevents breakdown). positive feedback.

Urbanisation- concrete??cement production.

terrestrial carbon sequestration

Marine sequestration/ pumps.

Ocean stores

biological pump. (organic sequestration)

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EQ1

The Greenhouse effect

- natrual effect

- shortwave radiation

- longwave radiation

-co2, methane, anthropocene

-hockey stick graph= average global temp over 1000yrs. last 100yr there's a sharp shift in co2

co2 changes-

1)- CO2 changes over time? the % increases over time.

2)- natural increase of co2?- different carbon fluxes vary. (geo, volcanic eruptions)

sunspot theory

eruption theory

Anthropocene

burning fossil fuels

deforestation

argiculture

industry

All equal carbon emissions.

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The enhanced greenhouse effect

When fossil fuels are burned in power stations, vehicles, industry or homes, greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere. the enhances the natural effect.

temperature and precipitation changes response to co2 rise.

radiation will be absorbed in more places than others

more ice an snow creates an albedo which reflect radiation off the earth and back to space.

Earth will get warmer and temp rise

warmer conditions will lead to more evaporation and prepitation.

oceans will be warmed, glaciers will melt, sea level rise and thermo-expansion occurs of the seas. less co2 is absorbed.

crops and plant use co2, leading water efficency. but high temp may lead to less crop growth and change in habitats.