it - lo2

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2.1 - TYPES OF SOFTWARE:

- open source software: available to anyone to debug, improve or modify it

- closed source software: protected by copyrights and property rights

- off the shelf software: it's the general package

(+) cheaper

(+) immediately available

(+) fewer errors

(-) it isn't perfect/fit needs

- bespoke software: software made to your exact requirements

(+) does exactly what you want it to do

(-) more expensive

(-) errors that need to be fixed

(-) takes time

- shareware: there is a trial but after that you have to pay to use the software

- freeware: it's free, but there are restrictions on upgrades and all rights remain to author

- embedded software: software already in a traditional PC

(e.g) GPS Systems, Refridgerators

2.2 - APPLICATION SOFTWARE:

= software that performs specific tasks for a user

- productivity software: designed to enable you to carry out tasks or roles accurately, effectively and efficiently.

(e.g) word processors, email, databases, webcasts, webinars

- developmental tools

= help programmers write and correct programmes

1. compilers: translates computer code into written in one programming language into another language

2. assemblers: takes basic computer instructions and converts them into a pattern of bits

3. dissasemblers: revers process of assembler and attemptsto recreate the assembly code from binary machine code

4. debuggers: used to test and debug other programmes

- application development tool: helps software developers to develop website and mobile application tools

- business software:

1. project management tools: help with initiating, planning, executing,controlling and closing the work of a team to achieve specific goals and meet specific success criteria at the specified time

2. cad / cam design packages:

*cad - computer aided design, increases productivity of designer, improves quality of design & commnications through documentation and to create a database for manufactring

*cam - computer aided manufaturing, use of sotware to control machine tools and related one in the manufacturing of workpieces

3. management information systems (mis): used for decision making, and for the co-ordination, control, analysis and visualization of information in an orgaization

4. expert systems (e.g. medical diagnosis): emulated the decision-making ability of a human expert

2.3 - UTILITY SOFTWARE:

= small pieces of software that can help the computer perform more effectively or efficiently

- backup facilities: secondary type of system, record or contrast that essentially is intended to take the place of another one that fails

- antivirus: detects, prevents and removes malicious software

- compression software: allows you to compress one or more files into a smaller file to save space and to shorten the time to upload and download the files

- defragmentation programmes: defragmentation = the process of locating the split fragments of data into which a computer file may be divided as it is stored on a hard disk and rearranging the fragments and restoring them into fewer fragments or into the whole file

- disk checkers: scans a hard disk to find files or areas that are corrupted in some way, or were not correctly saved and eliminate them for a more efficiently operating hard drive

2.4 - COMMUNICATION METHODS:

- SMS: short text message

(+) instant delicery, flexible platform, instant opt in/out

(-) message has to be short, costs

- email: transmission of messages over communication networks (e.g: gmail)

(+) easy to use, free

(-) senders and recievers must both have an email, spam

- social networking: online platforms

(+) free, easy to use, networking/meeting new people

(-) hackers, scammers

- VoIP (voice over internet protocol): a method and group of technologies for the delivery of voice communcations and multimedia sessions over Internet Protocol Networks

(+) low cost, low taxes, portability & flexibility

(-) no service during outtage, reliability & security

- personal assistance: sotware applications that recognise voice commands

(+) simple to use, understandable, flexible & portable

(-) needs internet connection

- teleconference: live exchange of information among several persons and machines remote from one another but linked by a telecommunications systems

(+) saves time, cuts travel costs, reliable, flexible

(-) technical challenges, space limitations, affects proffessionalism

- video conference: ^ same but with a video

(+) no time constraint, increased productivity, easy to use, travel costs saved

(-) lack of personal interaction, time zones, cost of setup