Chapter 16 theories and theorists

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Eyewitness Identification and Line-ups

Bruce and Young 1986 face recog

Burton et al 1990 IAC face recog

Ness - chapter author - pictorial/structural

Wells 1978 - estimator and system variables

Wells and Olson 2001 - suspect bias and general impairment bias

Police & Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) 1984

Steblay 2001 - meta anal of sim and seq

McQuiston-Surrett 2001 - data split

Memon 2003 - situation pressure re line up influences relative decision making in sim which leads to incorrect recog

Busey and Loftus 2006 - trying to achieve unbiased line up - physical oddball/lack of double blind

Clore and Hunstinger 2007 - mood - happy leads to relational leads to more errors

Yerkes-Dodson 1908 - stress

Deffenbacher - 3D model of YDL with cog + stress effect for target present not absent and more so IRL than lab

Valentine and Mesout 2009 - London dungeon - stress impaired mem performance lineup and questionnaire

Morgan 2004 - military USA, interrogator, stress sometimes helped

Misleading Information

Loftus various

Loftus 2005 susceptibility

Loftus 1978 cog explanation

McCloskey and Zaragoza 1985 - alt explanation e.g. response bias

Chandler 2001 - effects disappeared after retention interval so PEI doesn't perm alter memory trace

Johnson 1993 - source monitoring

Reyna and Lloyd 1997 - imagery, delay, cog dev etc affect source monitoring + inability can lead to misinfo effect

Bartlett 1932 reconstructive mem schemas

Spiro and Spiro 1980 schemas match misinfo -> misinfo effect

Echterhoff et al 2005 - warnings and credibility - source monitoring

Gabbert 2004 - conformity and co-witnesses or written narrative

Patterson and Kemp 2006 - various types of presentation, both direct and indirect co-witness conditions produced strongest misinfo effect

Patterson 2009 - didn't diminish after warned could be misinfo

Gabbert 2003 - normative & informational

Memory and the social context

Marsh 2007 - goals, lab vs IRL

Fisher and Geiselman 1992 - cog interview

Tulving 1983 esp

Holliday and Albon 2004 - effective w/kids

Wright and Holliday 2007 - effective w/old

Stein and Memon 2006 - inaccuracies

Dando 2009 - modified cog interview

Children as eyewitnesses

Gordon 2001 - increases age related cog function mean older children more accurate than younger

Brainerd and Reyna 1990 - fuzzy trace - verbatim and gist

Myles-Worsley 1986 - prior knowledge

Gordon 2001 - stereotyping

Bottoms 2002 - socioemotional

Decision making in a jury context

Pennington and Hastie 1986 3 stage story

Smith 1991 - mock jurors reach decisions e.g. prototypical categorizing

Smith 1991 - pre-existing knowledge favoured over law/judge

Tinsley 2000 - verdict during trial not delib

Mathews 2004 - jurors feel presentation of evidence can be confusing

Feigenson and Dunn 2003 - visual comm tech in USA - need to understand its impact as it is increasingly used in UK