Quiz
Physiology Lab Exam
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1What are functions of blood?
- Atransporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and wastes to organs and tissues
- BProtection via clotting and immune response
- CDigestion via enzymes released from the pancreas
- DMaintaining structure in the body
2Plasma consists of 55% of the blood, and formed elements consist of 45% of the blood.
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3What are red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets part of?
- AFormed elements
- BPlasma
- CSerum
- DThrombocytes
- EClotting factors
4What is serum?
- ABlood minus the formed elements
- BBlood minus the plasma
- CThe fluid portion (plasma) of the blood without the clotting factors
- DLeukocytes and platelets
- EFibrinogen and other clotting factors
5What is plasma?
- ABlood minus formed elements
- BBlood minus clotting factors
- CRed blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
6Platelets are fragmented cells that can clot blood in order to prevent excessive bleeding, and they can work alone if needbe.
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7What are leukocytes and what task do they have?
- AWhite blood cells - provide immunity and defense against infection
- BPlatelets - Involved in blood clotting to prevent excessive bleeding
- CRed blood cells - Transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and wastes
- DPlatelets - provide immunity and defense against infection
8Name some facts about erythrocytes (red blood cells).
- AThey are biconcave.
- BThey lack a nucleus.
- CThey lack mitochondria.
- DThey function to carry oxygen.
- EThey provide immunity and defense against infection.
9Type O blood has both A and B antigens.
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10Antigens are found in plasma.
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11RH- people do not have the Rh antigen on their RBCs.
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12What will happen if a person with B- blood receives B+ blood?
- AThe B- person has no RH antigens, so she has RH antibodies. These antibodies will attach to the B+ blood and cause agglutination.
- BThe B- person has RH antigens, so it does not have antibodies. No agglutination will occur.
- CThe RH antigens and antibodies do not matter, because the blood type is the same.
- DIt depends on the person with B- blood has received positive blood before. and has begun to produce the antibodies.
13Which of the following are true? Mark as many as apply.
- AA type O- person is a universal donor.
- BA type O+ person is a universal donor.
- CA type AB+ person is a universal recipient.
- DA type AB- person is a universal recipient.
14Red blood cells are packed with hemoglobin (Hb). What is hemoglobin made out of?
- A2 globin protein subunits
- B4 globin protein subunits
- C4 heme pigments
- D4 iron ions
- E1 iron ion
- FAntiserum
- G4 Antigens
15A decrease in erythropoietin results in a decease in the production of red blood cells.
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16Erythropoietin destroys old red blood cells.
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17An increase in what causes Jaundice (where the skin and eyes become yellow)?
- Abilirubin
- Biron
- Cglobin protein
- Damino acids
- Eerythropoietin
- FFolic acid
18Anemia is a decreased ability to transport oxygen that is caused by low RBC count and low amounts of hemoglobin.
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19The most common cause of anemia is bone marrow disease, but it can also be caused by hemolytic disease, blood loss, and iron deficiency.
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20Hematocrit:
- A% of blood volume occupied by RBCs
- B% of plasma in the blood
- C% of bilirubin in the blood
- D% of clotting factors in the blood
21What organ/bodily part produces the hormone erythropoietin?
- AKidney
- BBone Marrow
- CHypothalamus
- DPituitary gland
- EPancreas
- FRed blood cells
22Normocytic normochromatic anemia involves a nomral MCV and normal MCHC, and is usually due to blood loss.
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23A woman suffers from high MCV due to abnormally large RBCs. She has normal MCHC. This is all caused by a lack of folic acid and VItB12. Thus, she suffers from microcytic hypochromatic anemia.
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24What is Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration (MCHC)?
- Aconcentration of Hb in a given volume of packed RBC
- Baverage volume of RBC
- CO2 carrying capacity determined by Hb
- DAbility to break down red blood cells
- EAmount of erythropoietin that is produced by the kidney per minute
25What is the source of carbon dioxide that you exhale?
- AC02 comes from tissues, and it is produced during aerobic cellular respiration.
- BC02 comes from tissues, and it is produced during anaerobic cellular respiration.
- CC02 is a byproduct when red blood cells are created.
- Dc02 is a byproduct when red blood cells age and are consumed by phagocytes.
26Which of these is the correct formula for the conversion of carbon dioxide into carbonic acid?
- ACO2 + H20 <=> H2C03 <=> HC03- + H+
- BC2 + H20 <=> HC03 <=> HC03 + H-
- CCO2 + H20 <=> HC0 <=> HC03- + H-
- DCO + H20 <=> H2C03 <=> HC03- + H+
27What is the total lung capacity (TLC)?
- Amax amount of air the lungs can actually hold
- Bvolume of air entering or leaving your lungs in a single breath
- Cmax amount of air you can forcibly exhale in a single breath following max inhalation
- DExtra volume of air you can inhale beyond resting ridal volume
- EExtra volume of air you can exhale after a normal exhalation
28What is vital capacity?
- Amax amount of air you can forcibly exhale in a single breath following max inhalation
- Bvolume of air that remains in lungs even after max exhalation
- Cextra volume of air you can inhale beyond resting tidal volume (breathe in normally, then see how much more you can inhale... the extra amount is this
- Dextra volume of air you can exhale after a normal exhalation
29What is functional residual capacity?
- Athe volume of air left in the lungs after normal, relaxed exhalation
- Bthe maximum amount of air you can breathe in after normal expiration
- Cmax amount of air you can forcibly exhale in a single breath following max inhalation
- Dvolume of air you expire in 1st second of expiration during the forced vital capacity test
30Which of the following are obstructive pulmonary disorders?
- AAsthma
- BChronic Bronchitis
- CEmphysema
- DPulmonary fibrosis
- EPulmonary edema
31FEV stands for forced expiratory volume, and it is the volume of air you expire in 1st second of expiration during the forced vital capacity test.
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32What is the formula for %FEV?
- A%FEV = (FEV/VC) x 100
- B%FEV = (FEV/VC)
- C%FEV = (VC/FEV)
- D%FEV = (FEV/VC) / 100
33SA node -> [blank_start]blank[blank_end] -> [blank_start]blank[blank_end] -> Purkinje fibers
- AAV node
- BBundle of His
- CAortic valve
- DMirtal valve
- ETricuspid valve
- FBundle of his
- GQRS complex
- HAtrioventricular valves
- IAtria
34Mean Arterial Pressure = diastolic + 1/3 pulse pressure
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35Pulse Pressure = Diastolic + 1/3 mean aterial pressure
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36What is a sphygmomanometer?
- Ainflatable cuff with pressure gauge used to help measure blood pressure
- Brecording of voltage changes generated by heart muscle as conducted to body surface
- Cgraph that shows voltage changes occurring in underlying skeletal muscle
37Tendons attach:
- Abone to bone
- Bbone to muscle
- Cmuscle to muscle
- Dmuscle to cartilage
38How do muscles contract?
- AAn action potential travels down motor neuron, which releases acetylcholine. The muscle depolarizes. At threshold, voltage-gated CA2+ channels in plasma membrane open, and CA2+ release channels in sarcoplasmic reticulum open. CA2+ binds troponin and the shape change causes tropomyosin to shift out of the way. Mysoin head binds to action and the power stroke occurs.
- BAn action potential travels down motor neuron, which releases acetylcholine. The muscle depolarizes. At threshold, voltage-gated sodium channels in plasma membrane open, and sodium release channels in sarcoplasmic reticulum open. Sodium binds troponin and the shape change causes tropomyosin to shift out of the way. Mysoin head binds to action and the power stroke occurs.
39Sliding filament model: Action & Myosin shorten during contraction.
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40What is released when an AP travels down a motor neuron, causing a muscle to depolarize and for CA2+ channels to open.
- AAcetylcholine
- BCA2+
- CSodium
- DNorepinephrine
- EO2
41The contraction of individual muscle fibers is all or none, whereas the contraction of an entire muscle can vary and therefore is graded contraction.
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42What is summation?
- A2nd twitch builds on previous twitch due to the delivery of a 2nd pulse of stimulation right after 1st pulse of stimulation
- BSmooth, sustained muscle contraction
- Csingle short contraction due to single pulse of stimulation
43Changes in the muscle length (or stretching) are monitored by what?
- Amuscle spindle apparatus
- BAlpha motor neuron
- CExtrafusal fibers (EFs)
- DGamma motor neuron
- ESensory neurons
44Extrafusal fibers are the normal muscle fibers outside of the spindle. What stimulates contraction of extrafusal fibers?
- AAlpha motor neurons
- BGamma motor neurons
- CSensory neurons
- DIntrafusal fibers
45Sensory neurons fire in the muscle if intrafusal fibers stretch. It then sends this message to:
- Agamma and alpha motor neurons
- Bgamma motor neurons only
- CExtrafusal fibers
- Dalpha motor neurons only
46Trace the pathway of a message in the muscle.
- AIntrafusal fibers stretch -> Sensory neurons detect this-> gamma and alpha motor neurons get message -> extrafusal fibers get message -> contraction
- Bextrafusal fibers stretch -> Sensory neurons detect this-> gamma and alpha motor neurons get message -> intrafusal fibers get message -> contraction
- CIntrafusal fibers stretch -> gamma and alpha motor neurons get message -> Sensory neurons detect this-> extrafusal fibers get message -> contraction
47What part of the muscle causes intrafusal fibers to tighten, increasing sensitivity of the muscle spindle apparatus?
- ASensory neurons
- BExtrafusal fibers (EFs)
- CAlpha motor neuron
- DGamma motor neuron
48The right ventricle pumps blood to the body, whereas the left ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.
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49The atria depolarize during what wave?
- AP wave
- BQRS Complex
- CT Wave
50What is a heart flutter?
- AHR < 60bpm
- BHR > 100bpm
- CHR is 200-300bpm at rest, still coordinated
- DUncoordinated
51What is a arrhythmia?
- ADifficulty breathing
- BAbnormal heart rate
- CSlow heart rate
- DFast heart rate
52When ventricular contraction begins, is intraventricule pressure higher or lower than the pressure in the atria?
- Ahigher
- Blower
53When the ventricles contract, what happens?
- AThe AV valves close, semilunar valves open, systole begins, and there is high pressure inside the ventricles.
- BThe semilunar valves close, the Av valves open, systole begins, and there is high pressure inside the ventricles.
- CThe AV valves close, the semilunar valves open, dystole begins, and there is high pressure inside the ventricles.
- DThe AV valves close, semilunar valves open, systole begins, and there is low pressure inside the ventricles.
54What is pulmonary fibrosis? Is it restrictive or obstructive?
- AAir sacs replaced by fibrotic tissue due to lung scarring. It is restrictive.
- BAir sacs replaced by fibrotic tissue due to lung scarring. It is obstructive.
- CSwelling and/or fluid accumulation. It is restrictive.
- DSwelling and/or fluid accumulation. It is obstructive.
- EDamage to alveoli makes them less elastic and it's harder to exhale, obstructive.
55A patient has fluid and swelling buildup in her lungs, which restricts her ability to breathe well and decreases her vital capacity since it takes up space. What disorder does she have?
- APulmonary edema
- BPulmonary fibrosis
- CEmphysema
- DAsthma
- EChronic Bronchitis
56A spirometer is an instrument used for measuring lung volumes and capacities.
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57How do buffers work to prevent large changes in ph?
- Aby removing or releasing H+
- Bby removing or releasing C02+
- CBy removing plasma from the blood
- DBy sending waste products to be filtered by the kidney
Informações
- Descrição
- Quiz sobre Physiology Lab Exam, criado por Layla B. em 27-11-2017.
- Autor
- Layla B.
- Idioma
- English
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