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W6: Vision

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HPS775 (Week 06: Vision) Quiz sobre W6: Vision, criado por wadey em 10-10-2014.
wadey
Quiz por wadey, atualizado more than 1 year ago
wadey
Criado por wadey mais de 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
The cornea is an adjustable structure in the eye that focuses light
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 2

Questão
Light from the right side of the world stokes the left side of the retina
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 3

Questão
Cones are essential for colour vision
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 4

Questão
Photopigments are stable in the dark
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 5

Questão
The retinex theory accounts for the principle of colour constancy
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 6

Questão
Some people with damage to area V1 show a surprising phenomenon called blindsight
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 7

Questão
A person with prosopagnosia cannot recognise voices
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 8

Questão
Damage to area V4 would likely cause problems with colour constancy
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 9

Questão
Movement of the eyes suppresses activity in the visual cortex for a brief moment
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 10

Questão
Infants are born with the ability to control their visual attention
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 11

Questão
In humans as in other species, the visual cortex is more plastic early in life
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 12

Questão
The law of specific nerve energies states that:
Responda
  • Any stimulation above the threshold produces an action potential
  • Every stimulation of the optic nerve is perceived as light
  • Perception of a repeated stimulus fades
  • The speed of action potentials varies depending on the strength of the stimulus

Questão 13

Questão
In what order does visual information pass through the retina?
Responda
  • Bipolar cells, receptor cells, ganglion cells
  • Ganglion cells, bipolar cells, receptor cells
  • Receptor cells, ganglion cells, bipolar cells
  • Receptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells

Questão 14

Questão
The optic nerve is composed of axons from which kind of cell?
Responda
  • Ganglion cells
  • Bipolar cells
  • Rods and cones
  • Horizontal cells

Questão 15

Questão
Which of the following characterises the fovea?
Responda
  • It has more rods than cones
  • It surrounds the point of exit of the optic nerve
  • It has the greatest perception of detail
  • It falls in the shadow cast by the pupil

Questão 16

Questão
Which receptors are responsible for the perception of colour?
Responda
  • Horizontal and amacrine cells
  • Rods
  • Cones
  • Both rods and cones

Questão 17

Questão
Which theory emphasises the idea that colour vision depends on the relative responses of three kinds of cones?
Responda
  • Volley theory
  • Opponent-process theory
  • Young-Helmholtz theory
  • Retinal theory

Questão 18

Questão
Colour constancy is the ability to:
Responda
  • Recognise the colour of an object despite changes in lighting
  • See colour, even in very faint light
  • Perceive all wavelengths as the same colour
  • Differentiate among many colours and hues

Questão 19

Questão
The enhancement of contrast at the edge of an object is the result of:
Responda
  • The colour of the object
  • The diffraction of light from the edge's surface
  • Lateral inhibition in the retina
  • Fatigue of the rods and cones

Questão 20

Questão
In the vertebrate retina, which cells are responsible for lateral inhibition?
Responda
  • Glial cells
  • Ganglion cells
  • Horizontal cells
  • Bipolar cells

Questão 21

Questão
Which ganglion cells, if any, are located mostly in or near the fovea?
Responda
  • They are all distributed equally
  • Magnocellular
  • Parvocellular
  • Koniocellular

Questão 22

Questão
Visual information from the lateral geniculate area goes to the:
Responda
  • Hypothalamus
  • Primary visual cortex
  • Retina
  • Thalamus

Questão 23

Questão
Once within the cerebral cortex, the magnocellular pathway continues as a pathway sensitive to:
Responda
  • Movement
  • Depth
  • Details of shape
  • Visual memories

Questão 24

Questão
Damage to the dorsal stream may interfere with:
Responda
  • Reaching out to grasp an object
  • Perceiving the movement of an object
  • Describing what is seen
  • Remembering something seen at a previous time

Questão 25

Questão
Which of the following would most strongly excite a simple cell in the primary visual cortex?
Responda
  • Square picture frame
  • Doughnut
  • Loud sound
  • Diffuse light throughout the visual field

Questão 26

Questão
What is one way to determine whether a given cell in the primary visual cortex is "simple" or "complex"?
Responda
  • Whether it is sensitive to the orientation of the stimulus
  • Whether its receptive field is monocular or binocular
  • The shape of its receptive field
  • Whether it can respond equally to lines in more than one location

Questão 27

Questão
An inability to recognise objects despite otherwise satisfactory vision is called:
Responda
  • Hemianopsia
  • Blindsight
  • Visual agnosia
  • Prosopagnosia

Questão 28

Questão
Colour perception depends mostly on:
Responda
  • Lateral geniculate
  • Parvocellular pathway
  • Magnocellular pathway
  • Superior colliculus

Questão 29

Questão
The ability that you have to determine that your eyes are moving instead of the room that you are in is a function of which brain area?
Responda
  • Area MST
  • Primary visual cortex
  • MT
  • Inferior temporal cortex

Questão 30

Questão
Most of the neurons in the visual cortex of very young kittens respond to:
Responda
  • Both eyes, and continues that way
  • One eye, and continue that way
  • One eye, but later develop binocular control
  • Both eyes, but later fine tune to only one

Questão 31

Questão
Children with strabismus fail to develop:
Responda
  • Any kind of depth perception
  • The ability to recognise faces
  • Perception of movement
  • Stereoscopic depth perception

Questão 32

Questão
Light from the left half of what world strikes what part of the retina?
Responda
  • The left half
  • The right half
  • The whole retina equally
  • It depends on the wavelength

Questão 33

Questão
In what order does visual information pass through the retina?
Responda
  • Receptor cells, ganglion cells, bipolar cells
  • Ganglion cells, bipolar cells, receptor cells
  • Receptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells
  • Bipolar cells, receptor cells, ganglion cells

Questão 34

Questão
The optic nerve is composed of axons from which kind of cell?
Responda
  • Rods and cones
  • Bipolar cells
  • Horizontal cells
  • Ganglion cells

Questão 35

Questão
According to the trichromatic theory of colour vision
Responda
  • There are only three rods and three cones in each eye
  • There are only three colours of light in the world
  • Rods are important for perception of light colours
  • Our perception of colour depends on the relative activity of three types of cones

Questão 36

Questão
The enhancement of contrast at the edge of an object is the result of:
Responda
  • Lateral inhibition in the retina
  • The diffraction of light from the edge's surface
  • Fatigue of the rods and cones
  • The colour of the object

Questão 37

Questão
The pathway associated with integrating vision and movement progresses from the occipital cortex to the
Responda
  • Temporal cortex
  • Parietal cortex
  • Visual cortex
  • Frontal lobe

Questão 38

Questão
An individual suffers damage to the parietal cortex, but maintains an intact temporal cortex. This may result in an inability to:
Responda
  • Describe the size of objects
  • Describe the shape of objects
  • Describe the colour of objects
  • Reach out and grasp and object

Questão 39

Questão
What is one way to determine whether a given cell in the primary visual cortex is "simple" or "complex"?
Responda
  • Compare the shape of its receptive field
  • Determine whether its receptive field is monocular or binocular
  • Determine whether it can respond equally to lines in more than one location
  • Determine whether it is sensitive to the orientation of the stimulus

Questão 40

Questão
A man has suffered brain damage that has left him unable to recognise the faces of his wife and children, although he can identify them by their voices. What is his condition?
Responda
  • Aphasia
  • Prosopagnosia
  • Neglect
  • Motion blindness

Questão 41

Questão
Which of the following is the correct order of visual information passing though the retina?
Responda
  • a. Photoreceptors, bipolar cells, ganglion cells
  • b. Bipolar cells, photoreceptors, ganglion cells
  • c. Ganglion cells, photoreceptors, bipolar cells
  • d. Bipolar cells, ganglion cells, photoreceptors

Questão 42

Questão
What is the pathway from the eye through the brain to the thalamus?
Responda
  • a. Optic nerve, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus, ganglion cells
  • b. Ganglion cells, optic chiasm, optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus
  • c. Ganglion cells, optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic chiasm
  • d. Ganglion cells, optic nerve, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus

Questão 43

Questão
The lateral geniculate nucleus is found in the:
Responda
  • a. Thalamus
  • b. Hypothalamus
  • c. Hippocampus
  • d. Caudate nucleus

Questão 44

Questão
To where in the brain do most axons of the LGN cells project?
Responda
  • a. Area V1
  • b. Primary visual cortex
  • c. Striate cortex
  • d. All of the above

Questão 45

Questão
What type of ganglion cell has small receptive fields in or near the fovea, responds to colour and has a high sensitivity to detail?
Responda
  • a. Magnocellular neurons
  • b. Parvocellular neurons
  • c. Koniocellular neurons
  • d. Lateral neurons

Questão 46

Questão
What type of ganglion cell has larger cell bodies and receptive fields, are distributed evenly throughout the retina and responds strongly to movement?
Responda
  • a. Magnocellular neurons
  • b. Parvocellular neurons
  • c. Koniocellular neurons
  • d. Lateral neurons

Questão 47

Questão
What is the theory that we perceive colour in terms of opposites as an attempt to explain negative colour after image and other phenomena?
Responda
  • a. Retinex theory
  • b. Young-Helmholtz theory
  • c. Opponent-process theory
  • d. Trichromatic theory

Questão 48

Questão
What is the theory that explains colour constancy, the ability to recognise colours, despite changes in lighting?
Responda
  • a. Retinex theory
  • b. Young-Helmholtz theory
  • c. Opponent-process theory
  • d. Trichromatic theory

Questão 49

Questão
A man with a stroke who couldn’t read, recognise faces, identify objects by sight, could reach out to grab objects and to shake hands. Where is he likely to have received damage?
Responda
  • a. Damaged parietal cortex, sparing his temporal cortex
  • b. Damaged temporal cortex, sparing his parietal cortex
  • c. Damaged temporal and parietal cortex
  • d. Damaged occipital and frontal cortex

Questão 50

Questão
The ventral stream is known as the ______ pathway and is specialised for __________
Responda
  • a. “What”; locating objects
  • b. “Where”; locating objects
  • c. “Where”; identifying objects
  • d. “What”; identifying objects

Questão 51

Questão
Some people who can read and recognise objects in detail, can have trouble locating objects and running into things. They are likely to have:
Responda
  • a. Damage to the dorsal stream in the parietal cortex
  • b. Damage to the ventral stream in the temporal cortex
  • c. Damage to the dorsal stream in the temporal cortex
  • d. Damage to the ventral stream in the parietal cortex

Questão 52

Questão
Some people with damage to the primary visual cortex (V1) have:
Responda
  • a. Prosopagnosia
  • b. Blindsight
  • c. Colour blindness
  • d. A lazy eye

Questão 53

Questão
Below this question are depicted several kinds of receptive fields. In these diagrams white areas correspond to regions where exposure to light results in excitation; dark areas correspond to regions where exposure to light results in inhibition. Which kinds of receptive fields would respond best to a circular beam of light with a ring of darkness around it?
Image:
receptive_fields_copy (image/jpg)
Responda
  • i
  • ii
  • iii
  • iv

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