Week 7 HUBS1406 - Endocrine system

Question 1

Basal metabolic rate - amount of energy per unit time that a person needs to keep the body functioning at rest.

Answer

true

Question 2

The thyroid gland uses iodine from the foods you eat to make two main hormones: Triiodothyronine (T3) Thyroxine (T4)

Answer

true

Question 3

Triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4) both help to regulate body temp, metabolism and heart rate.

Answer

true

Question 4

Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4) are made in the pineal gland

Answer

true

Question 5

The pituitary gland and hypothalamus both control the thyroid.

Answer

true

Question 6

The pineal gland and hypothalamus both control the thyroid.

Answer

true

Question 7

When [blank_start]thyroid[blank_end] hormone levels drop too low, the [blank_start]hypothalamus[blank_end] secretes TSH [blank_start]Releasing[blank_end] Hormone (TRH), which alerts the pituitary to produce thyroid [blank_start]stimulating[blank_end] hormone (TSH).

Accepted Answer

thyroid

Accepted Answer

hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

Releasing

Accepted Answer

stimulating

Question 8

The Endocrine system maintains homeostasis

Answer

true

Question 9

The Endocrine works collectively with the nervous system.

Answer

true

Question 10

The Nervous system acts quickly in the body by using neurotransmitters.

Answer

true

Question 11

[blank_start]Hormones[blank_end] are secreted through the blood stream to a particular muscle/cell/tissue

Accepted Answer

Hormones

Answer

neurons

Question 12

Hormones bind to their target cell

Answer

true

Question 13

Hormones don’t always have to secrete into blood stream, it can secrete to nearby cell

Answer

true

Question 14

Some Hormones bind to lipids because they are protein bound hormones.

Answer

true

Question 15

Examples of amino acid-derived hormones include epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer

true

Question 16

Most lipid hormones are steroid hormones, which are usually ketones or alcohols and are insoluble in water.

Answer

true

Question 17

Steroid hormones (ending in ‘-ol’ or ‘-one’) include estradiol, testosterone, aldosterone, and cortisol.

Answer

true

Question 18

The amino acid – derived hormones (ending in ‘-ine’) are derived from tyrosine and tryptophan and include epinephrine and norepinephrine (produced by the adrenal medulla).

Answer

true

Question 19

Peptide hormones consist of a polypeptide chain; they include molecules such as oxytocin (short polypeptide chain) or growth hormones ( proteins ).

Answer

true

Question 20

Amino acid-derived hormones and protein hormones are water-soluble and insoluble in lipids.

Answer

true

Question 21

Amino acid-derived hormones and protein hormones are water-soluble and soluble in lipids.

Answer

true

Question 22

[blank_start]oxytocin[blank_end]: a hormone that stimulates contractions during labor, and then the production of milk

[blank_start]epinephrine[blank_end]: (adrenaline) an amino acid-derived hormone secreted by the adrenal gland in response to stress

[blank_start]estrogen[blank_end]: any of a group of steroids (lipid-hormones) that are secreted by the ovaries and function as female sex hormones

Accepted Answer

oxytocin

Accepted Answer

epinephrine

Accepted Answer

estrogen

Question 23

Amino acid hormone – binds to receptor membrane

Peptide hormone – binds to receptor membrane

Lipid (steroid) hormone - binds to cytoplasm

Answer

true

Question 24

Insulin helps to keep your blood sugar level from getting too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia).

Answer

true

Question 25

Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that allows your body to use sugar (glucose) from carbohydrates in the food that you eat for energy or to store glucose for future use.

Answer

true

Question 26

[blank_start]Insulin[blank_end] helps the body's cells absorb glucose, lowering blood sugar and providing the cells with the glucose they need for energy. ... [blank_start]Glucagon[blank_end] forces the liver to release stored glucose, which causes the blood sugar to rise.

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Question 27

The pancreas releases glucagon when the concentration of insulin (and indirectly glucose) in the bloodstream falls too low.

Answer

true

Question 28

Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is released into the bloodstream.

Answer

true

Question 29

Glycogen is mainly stored in the liver and the muscles and provides the body with a readily available source of energy if blood glucose levels decrease.

Answer

true

Question 30

Glycogen is mainly stored in the liver and the muscles and provides the body with a readily available source of energy if blood glucose levels decrease.

Answer

true

Question 31

Hypothalamus – production of antiduiretic hormone and oxytocin

Answer

true

Question 32

The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in many important functions, including:
- releasing hormones
- regulating body temperature
- maintaining daily physiological cycles
- controlling appetite
- managing of sexual behavior
- regulating emotional responses

Answer

true

Question 33

The pituitary gland produces prolactin, which acts on the breasts to induce milk production. The pituitary gland also secretes hormones that act on the adrenal glands, thyroid gland, ovaries and testes, which in turn produce other hormones.

Answer

true

Question 34

Through secretion of its hormones, the pituitary gland controls metabolism, growth, sexual maturation, reproduction, blood pressure and many other vital physical functions and processes.

Answer

true

Question 35

Pituitary glands – anterior (secretes ACTH, TSH, GH, PRL, FSH, LH) and posterior lobe (secretes oxytocin and ADH)

Answer

true

Question 36

Pineal gland – secretes melatonin

Answer

true

Question 37

Thyroid gland also secretes calcitonin

Answer

true

Question 38

Parathyroid gland  - posterior to thyroid, there are 4 of them – regulates calcium and phosphate

Answer

true

Question 39

Thymus gland  - posterior, there are 4 of them – regulates calcium and phosphate

Answer

true

Question 40

Thymus – secretes thymosin - stimulates the development of disease-fighting T cells

Answer

true

Question 41

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a hormone produced primarily by the kidneys. It plays a key role in the production of red blood cells (RBCs), which carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.

Answer

true

Question 42

The Thymus secretes erythropoietin

Answer

true

Question 43

The adrenal cortex—the outer part of the gland—produces hormones that are vital to life, such as cortisol (which helps regulate metabolism and helps your body respond to stress) and aldosterone (which helps control blood pressure).

Answer

true

Question 44

The adrenal medulla—the outer part of the gland—produces hormones that are vital to life, such as cortisol (which helps regulate metabolism and helps your body respond to stress) and aldosterone (which helps control blood pressure).

Answer

true

Question 45

The adrenal medulla, the inner part of an adrenal gland, controls hormones that initiate the flight or fight response. The main hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla include epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline), which have similar functions.

Answer

true

Question 46

The adrenal cortex, the inner part of an adrenal gland, controls hormones that initiate the flight or fight response. The main hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex include epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline), which have similar functions.

Answer

true

Question 47

Functions of leptin (select two):

Accepted Answer

help the body maintain its weight and controls appetite

Accepted Answer

regulates your brain to determine how much energy your body needs to burn daily

Answer

contributes toward calcium and bone function

Question 48

Leptin is a hormone released from fat cells in adipose tissue.

Answer

true

Question 49

The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis (HPT axis for short, a.k.a. thyroid homeostasis or thyrotropic feedback control) is part of the neuroendocrine system responsible for the regulation of metabolism.

Answer

true

Question 50

The hypothalamic–pineal–thyroid axis (HPT axis for short, a.k.a. thyroid homeostasis or thyrotropic feedback control) is part of the neuroendocrine system responsible for the regulation of metabolism.

Answer

true

Question 51

Thyrotropin is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland which regulates the production of thyroid hormones.

Answer

true

Question 52

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is secreted by the hypothalamus in response to stress.

Answer

true

Question 53

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is made in the pituitary gland. It is needed for your adrenal glands to work properly and help your body react to stress. ACTH stimulates the release of another hormone called cortisol from the cortex (outer part) of the adrenal gland.

Answer

true

Question 54

Follicle stimulating hormone is produced by the pituitary gland. It regulates the functions of both the ovaries and testes. Lack or insufficiency of it can cause infertility or subfertility both in men and women.

Answer

true

Question 55

Luteinising hormone is produced by the pituitary gland and is one of the main hormones that control the reproductive system.

Answer

true

Question 56

Progesterone is a hormone released by the corpus luteum in the ovary. It plays important roles in the menstrual cycle and in maintaining the early stages of pregnancy. It may also be involved in the growth of certain cancers.

Answer

true

Question 57

Growth hormone is a small protein made in part of the brain called the pituitary gland.

Answer

true

Question 58

Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus and is secreted into the bloodstream by the posterior pituitary gland.

Answer

true

Question 59

Blood clotting is also a positive feedback loop

Answer

true

Question 60

Prolactin produces breast milk

Answer

true

Question 61

Endocrine means ‘ductless gland’

Answer

true

Question 62

Exocrine means ducted gland

Answer

true

Week 7 HUBS1406 - Endocrine system

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