Bone and Cartilage

1. 1[blank_start]chondroblasts[blank_end] = produce matrix; undifferentiated cells
   [blank_start]chondrocyte[blank_end] = mature chondroblasts surrounded by matrix
   [blank_start]lacunae[blank_end] = space the cell sits in
   [blank_start]isogenous groups[blank_end] = dividing cartilaginous cell
   [blank_start]perichondrium[blank_end] = denser tissue around cartilage; vascular supply; [blank_start]outer layer[blank_end] = dense connective tissue and fibroblasts; [blank_start]inner layer[blank_end] = chondroblasts
   

   1. Achondroblasts
   2. Bchondrocyte
   3. Clacunae
   4. Disogenous groups
   5. Eperichondrium
   6. Fouter layer
   7. Ginner layer
2. 2[blank_start]histogenesis[blank_end] = growth of tissue - derived from [blank_start]mesenchyme[blank_end] - undifferentiated, condense and become [blank_start]chondroblasts[blank_end]; [blank_start]chondrocytes[blank_end] will form [blank_start]isogenous groups[blank_end].
   
   [blank_start]interstitial growth[blank_end] = mitotic division of chondrocytes - growth plate for long bone; only in cartilage
   
   [blank_start]appositional growth[blank_end] = differentiation of perichondrial cells - growth in girth; bone

   1. Ahistogenesis
   2. Bmesenchyme
   3. Cchondroblasts
   4. Dchondrocytes
   5. Eisogenous groups
   6. Finterstitial growth
   7. Gappositional growth
3. 3ECM:
   fibrils = [blank_start]collagen type I[blank_end]; [blank_start]collagen type II[blank_end]; [blank_start]elastin[blank_end]
   connectors = [blank_start]collagen type IX, X, XI[blank_end]
   ground substance = [blank_start]hyaluronic acid[blank_end] - non-sulphated unit of GAG; [blank_start]GAG[blank_end] - side chains of proteoglycans, hydrophilic, chondroitan sulphate, keratan sulphate; [blank_start]proteoglacans[blank_end]; [blank_start]glycoproteins[blank_end]
   
   

   1. Acollagen type I
   2. Bcollagen type II
   3. Celastin
   4. Dcollagen type IX, X, XI
   5. Ehyaluronic acid
   6. FGAG
   7. Gproteoglacans
   8. Hglycoproteins
4. 4Types of cartilage:
   [blank_start]hyaline[blank_end] = fibrils - collagen type II, ground substance; fetal skeleton, synovial joints, trachea, larynx, nose, epiphyseal plate
   [blank_start]elastic[blank_end] = fibrils - collagen type II, ground substance; external ear, external auditory meatus, auditory tubes, epiglottis
   [blank_start]fibrocartilage[blank_end] = fibers - collagen type I, ground substance; intervertebral discs, tendons and ligaments, symphysis pubis
   
   

   1. Ahyaline
   2. Belastic
   3. Cfibrocartilage
5. 5[blank_start]osteoblasts[blank_end] = secrete matrix - not mineralized; type I collagen, proteoglycans, glycoproteins
   [blank_start]osteocyte[blank_end] = mature cell, surrounded by matrix, reside in lacunae, canaliculi is cytoplasmic processes
   [blank_start]osteoclast[blank_end] = reabsorb matrix, mutlinucleated, remodel bone, release building blocks

   1. Aosteoblasts
   2. Bosteocyte
   3. Costeoclast
6. 6[blank_start]osteonectin[blank_end] - promote calcification of the matrix
   [blank_start]periosteum[blank_end] - outer layer - collagen fibers and fibroblasts; inner layer - osteoprogenitor cells
   [blank_start]endosteum[blank_end] - single layer, osteoprogenitor cells, internal cavities of bone

   1. Aosteonectin
   2. Bperiosteum
   3. Cendosteum
7. 7[blank_start]primary bone[blank_end] = random collagen fibers; lower mineral content
   [blank_start]secondary bone[blank_end] = lemellar collagen arrangement; haversian system - osteon

   1. Aprimary bone
   2. Bsecondary bone
8. 8intramembranous ossification:
   primary center of ossification - [blank_start]mesenchymal cells[blank_end] into [blank_start]osteoblasts[blank_end]; direct mineralization of matrix
   
   IO Abnormalities:
   [blank_start]Crouzon's Syndrome[blank_end] - cranial synostosis, exophthalmos, short upper lip, mutation in FGF rceptor 2
   [blank_start]Apert Syndrome[blank_end] - facial bones, skull and mid facial abnormalities, syndactyl, mutation in FGF receptor 2

   1. Amesenchymal cells
   2. Bosteoblasts
   3. CCrouzon's Syndrome
   4. DApert Syndrome
9. 9Endochondral Ossification: - [blank_start]long bones[blank_end]
   [blank_start]ossification[blank_end] zone; [blank_start]calcified[blank_end] cartilage zone - osteoclasts, osteoblasts; [blank_start]hypertrophic cartilage[blank_end] zone - bid cells, type X collagen
   
   EO Abnormalities:
   [blank_start]osteogenesis imperfecta[blank_end] - brittle bone, abnormality in type I collagen
   

   1. Along bones
   2. Bossification
   3. Ccalcified
   4. Dhypertrophic cartilage
   5. Eosteogenesis imperfecta
10. 10Joints:
    [blank_start]synotosis[blank_end] - bone united by bone tissue
    [blank_start]synchondroses[blank_end] - [blank_start]primary[blank_end] cartilagenous joints - bone joined by hyaline cartilage
    [blank_start]symphysis[blank_end] - secondary cartilagenous joints - bone joined by fibrocartilage
    [blank_start]syndesmosis[blank_end] - bones connected by interosseous ligament or fibrous membrane
    [blank_start]diarthroses[blank_end] - ligaments and a capsule of connective tissue contact ends of bone

    1. Asynotosis
    2. Bsynchondroses
    3. Cprimary
    4. Dsymphysis
    5. Esyndesmosis
    6. Fdiarthroses

Descrição

biology SPOM (Celleular Anatomy) Quiz sobre Bone and Cartilage, criado por Kissa Walker em 28-09-2015.

Autor

Kissa Walker

Idioma

English

Visualizações

0

Etiquetas

spomcelleular anatomybiology

Avaliação

Ainda sem avaliações

Avalie este quiz

Avalie este quiz

Mais sobre Bone and Cartilage