446901
Questão 1
Questão
What is a genome?
Responda
-
It is all of the genes possessed by an individual organisms.This includes the sequence of bases in the entire DNA of an organism.
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It is the sequencing of an organism.
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It is a section of the gene possessed by an organism.
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This is all the genes possessed by all of the organisms in a similar species.
Questão 2
Questão
What are the advantages of genome sequencing?
Responda
-
Shows evolutionary relationships.
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Shows the effects of mutations.
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Shows the possibility of a mutation.
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Shows the alleles for a disease.
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Shows the importance of bases in DNA.
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Shows how genes can be manipulated for human benefit.
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Helps create bio-fortified products.
Questão 3
Questão
'Micro-satellites are long sequences of DNA'.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 4
Questão
'BACs stands for Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes which are man-made plasmids'.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 5
Questão
Why are computer programmes used in genome sequencing?
Responda
-
To compare the overlapping regions of DNA.
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To check the criminals of the world.
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To compare whether the genes can be bio-fortified.
Questão 6
Questão
What is genetic fingerprinting?
Responda
-
DNA fragmentation and electrophoresis gives banding patterns unique to individuals.
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It gives the sequence of DNA.
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It obtains a particular gene and inserted into a recipient's organism.
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Comparing genes for the same proteins across a range of organisms.
Questão 7
Questão
What is recombinant DNA?
Responda
-
It is made by cutting DNA and sticking it together.
-
This occurs by conjugation of bacteria which binds two forms of plasmids.
Questão 8
Questão
'Restriction enzymes restrict the DNA from transcribing mRNA'.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 9
Questão
Why is DNA heated in automated sequencing?
Responda
-
To break the hydrogen bonds (by denaturing them) which gives two polynucleotide chains.
-
To create a number of bases that can be amplified by PCR.
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To separate the fragments for electrophoresis.
Questão 10
Questão
Why do the DNA fragments in electrophoresis move to the anode (positively charged electrode)?
Responda
-
This is because they are positively charged and two positive separates them.
-
This is because they are negatively charged and the negative DNA fragments are attracted to the anode.
Questão 11
Questão
Why is buffer solution required in electrophoresis?
Responda
-
To separate the sections of DNA.
-
To conduct electricity.
Questão 12
Questão
'The longer the fragments, the quicker they move' in electrophoresis.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 13
Questão
Primers bind at the complementary regions of DNA and probes bind at the start of DNA.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 14
Questão
Annealing is binding of base sequences.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 15
Questão
What are sticky ends?
Responda
-
They are short, unpaired, exposed bases.
-
They are bases that are attached to restriction enzymes.
Questão 16
Questão
The insulin comes from beta cells in the liver.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 17
Questão
How is the DNA formed from the insulin gene?
Responda
-
mRNA is extracted and incubated via reverse transcriptase which makes DNA using RNA.
-
It is completed by conjuration of bacteria formed in fermenters.
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It is completed by the ligase enzyme.
Questão 18
Questão
Why is the ligase enzyme used to make insulin?
Responda
-
It combines the insulin DNA and the plasmid from the bacteria (usually E. Coli).
-
Creates the backbone of DNA.
Questão 19
Questão
Golden rice is bio-fortified with vitamin B.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 20
Questão
Where is beta carotene extracted from?
Responda
-
Daffodils
-
Bacterium: Erwina uredonma
-
Lillies
-
Wheat
Questão 21
Questão
Xenotransplantation is the transplantation of cells, tissues or organs between animals of different species.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 22
Questão
Gene therapy involves replacing a gene that are not functioning.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 23
Questão
Somatic gene therapy only affects skin cells.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 24
Questão
Genes are passed onto offspring in germ line gene therapy.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 25
Questão
What are the ethical effects of microorganisms?
Responda
-
Cross contamination of other microorganisms.
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Mutations of microorganisms which could lead to resistance.
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Produce deadly toxins that lay in our food.
Questão 26
Questão
What are the temperatures of PCR that need to be set?
Responda
-
95, 55 and 72.
-
75, 80 and 40.
-
60, 40 and 81.
-
110, 80 and 41.
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